no/not/never…without N/V-ing
1 本句型主要是介紹雙重否定的用法。老師可以從基本的 without + N/V-ing 用法複習，接下來再介紹本課no/not/never...without N/V-ing句型。當同學熟悉本課句型後，也可以再延伸到類似there is no...but + V...用法的句型。雙重否定及相關結構分析：
否定
片語
① 修飾名詞：...N + without + N
② 修飾動詞：...V + without + N/V-ing
③ 修飾主要子句（假設句型）：Without + N, S + V-ed
雙重
否定
① no/not/never...without + N （狀態）
② no/not/never...without + V-ing（動作）
對稱
句型
① No + N, no + N（省略句）
② There is no + N, there is no + N
2 without的用法：
(1) N + without + N（沒有……的……）：作形容詞片語，修飾前面的名詞。
• A man without willpower is unable to achieve something great.
(2) S + V... + without + N/V-ing（沒有……就……）：作副詞片語，修飾前面的動詞。
• In spite of the cold weather, he went out without his overcoat.
• Some students go to school without having breakfast.
(3) Without + N, S + V-ed... → S + V-ed...without + N（若無／要是沒有，……）：配合假設句（動詞用過去式）。
• Without air, water, and sunlight, living things couldn’t live on earth.
• I couldn’t live till today without my grandmother.
3 雙重否定的用法：
no/not/never...without + N/V-ing（每……必……／無……不……）：雙重否定是強調肯定句的美化句型。without + N表「狀態」；without + V-ing則強調「動作」。
• One can’t succeed without perseverance.（人無毅力不能成事。）
• Tony never writes an English composition without making many mistakes.（東尼每次寫英文作文必定犯許多錯。）
• There is no pleasure without pain.
→ No pleasure without pain.（省略There is）（有樂必有苦。）
• There is no gain without pain.
→ No gain without pain.（省略There is）
→ No pain, no gain.（不勞則無獲。）
4 相關句型補充：
no/not/never... + but + 肯定V...（每……必……／無……不……）：雙重否定句型亦可用關係子句的形式，應注意先行詞的單複數要與關係子句中動詞的單複數配合。
(1) but為否定關係代名詞，故接肯定動詞；who為肯定關係代名詞，故接否定動詞。
• There is no mother but loves her children.
→ There is no mother who doesn’t love her children.【mother配合loves】
→ There is no mother doesn’t love her children. (×)【同學常犯錯誤】
（天下無不愛子女的母親。）
• There is no one but has his weak side.
→ There is no one without his weak side.
→ There is no one hasn’t his weak side.(×)【同學常犯錯誤】
（沒有人沒有缺點／人人都有缺點。）
(p. T-18)
(2) but之後保留主詞為舊式寫法。
• It never rains but it pours.（複句）
→ It never rains without pouring.（單句）
（禍不單行／不雨則已，雨必滂沱。）
• I never spend a day but I miss you.
→ I never spend a day without missing you.
（我沒有一天不想你。）
補充練習
A. 改寫句子
1. Every time I watch a movie with my family, we have some snacks.
→___________________________________________________________________
2. My parents buy a cake every time they celebrate my birthday.
→___________________________________________________________________
3. Before the manager has to make an important decision, he thinks twice.
→___________________________________________________________________
4. My mother buys clothes every time she goes to a department store.
→___________________________________________________________________
5. Jim buys his girlfriend a gift whenever he goes out with her.
→___________________________________________________________________
B. 中翻英
1. 他每次跟女朋友見面必定會吵架。（...never...without...）
___________________________________________________________________
2. 有些學生每次考試都會感到緊張。（...never...without...）
___________________________________________________________________
3. Lenny的爸爸從不會不帶傘出門。（...never...without...）
___________________________________________________________________
4. 這小男孩沒有他媽媽的准許是不會打電動的。（...not...without...）
___________________________________________________________________
5. 世上的一切都能給我們好的教訓。（...but...）
There is nothing _____________________________________________________.
參考答案：
A.
1. I never watch a movie with my family without having some snacks.
2. My parents never celebrate my birthday without buying a cake.
3. The manager never makes an important decision without thinking twice.
4. My mother never goes to a department store without buying clothes.
5. Jim never goes out with his girlfriend without buying her a gift.
B.
1. He never meets his girlfriend without quarreling with her.
2. Some students never take an exam without feeling nervous.
3. Lenny’s father never leaves home without an umbrella.
4. The little boy won’t play video games without his mother’s approval.
5. in the world but teaches us a good lesson