April & May
This unit is devoted to a careful study of words. Spotlighting vocabulary instruction matters. Using books, colleagues, and community, students will be exposed to an environment of rich talk and careful listening. Imagine second-graders brimming with conversations and fascination about words and their wonder. As this unit unfolds, students will approach words with interest and questions. Allow time to savor and question what a word is and how it got its meaning. Allow them opportunities to study the parts and make meaning using those parts of words.
The first bend focuses on word consciousness, and it relies on the work of many vocabulary experts on how to best create an environment in which students become aware of and intrigued by words and their meanings. Growing one’s vocabulary is big work, and we don't want students to do this work alone. Sometimes students will work with one partner. Other times, they’ll work in rug clubs- which will soon become their word collector clubs- exploring new words together. These collaborations will help students see that knowing how to pronounce and spell a word is not enough; instead the work of determining a word’s meaning is critically important. Rich vocabulary instruction can’t happen in isolation in one tiny segment of a day. Instead, students will be exposed to extensions across this unit where teachers will find opportunities across their day to spotlight vocabulary instruction. Students will grow their word collections during read-aloud time, shared reading, reading workshop, and math workshop, and be encouraged to use those new words in different contexts.
In Bend II, the focus shifts to studying compound words, with the aim of learning that word parts not only help a reader to break a word apart, but also help them determine the meaning of a word. Through compound word study, children learn that manipulating word parts can change the meaning of words, which is an important entry point to the study of morphemes such as affixes.
Bend III shifts students’ focus to a more complicated means of word morphemic relationships- that of affixes and their effect on base words. In particular, students explore two kinds of affixes: prefixes and suffixes. Throughout the unit, students will check in on the spelling and spelling patterns they find in these words with multiple parts.
Understand that individual words can be combined to form compound words
Identify word parts that hold meaning
Recognize prefixes as word parts that affect the meaning of base words
Recognize suffixes as word parts that affect the meaning of base words
Form comparatives and superlatives by adding suffixes
Change verbs to nouns with the suffix -er
Form words using prefixes and suffixes
Use individual words to decode compound words
Distinguish between compound words and word parts (ie. panicking)
Decode base words and prefixes
Use word parts, including prefixes, to solve multisyllabic words in reading
Use knowledge of word parts and syllables to spell
Use a spelling routine to spell compound words
Use prefix and base word parts to spell
Apply previously learned spelling strategies for adding endings (suffixes): when to drop silent E, when to double the consonant, when to change Y to I
Determine meaning of unknown words using context (in a text)
Generate synonyms and antonyms to understand word meanings
Use words acquired through reading in different contexts
Sort words by function, by meaning, and by emotional charge
Recognize words with multiple meanings (i.e., fly, fire, spat)
Choose precise vocabulary to describe, name, and show action in writing
Distinguish shades of meaning among closely related verbs and adjectives
Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and nuances in word meanings
Use knowledge of the meaning of individual words to predict the meaning of compound words (firestorm, snowman, baseball, workplace, superstar, and stuntwoman)
Recognize prefixes are word parts that carry meaning (pre-, re-, in-)
Use sentence-level context to determine the meaning of words with a prefix
Determine meaning of new words formed when a prefix is added
Recognize suffixes are word parts that carry meaning (-ful, - less)
Use sentence-level context to determine the meaning of words with a suffix
Use knowledge of prefixes and suffixes to aim for greater precision in writing
Use patterns and rhythm to remember the spelling of high-frequency words
Use high-frequency words to make compound words.