Taking these definitions into account,
Sustainable Organic Land Management and Erosion Standards are as follows:
Agricultural fields must
and the soil must be tested each year to maintain a minimum of 6 inches of dense topsoil across the field. Only 1% of topsoil may be lost through erosion each year.
Organic farmers must follow practices that resemble land sharing methods. Land sharing is a form of agriculture that allows for the integration of nature/natural biodiversity and agricultural crops. To be organic, you cannot operate a monoculture system. With more biodiversity, fields will attract pollinators, naturally fight off pests, and allow the soil to regain nutrients that are lost in monoculture competition.
Tilling requires fracturing of the ground, leading to soil compaction. It is also fuel-intensive, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere and thus, deemed not sustainable. Tilling also depletes soil quality, requiring more fertilization.
Cover cropping and green manure is an organic method used to replenish soil by covering areas that have been harvested with crops that contain nutrients, naturally giving back to the soil.
Soil testing must be done each year to maintain a minimum of 6 inches of dense topsoil across the entire field. Only 1% of soil erosion loss is permitted each year.
Increasing the number of root systems within the soil will help build its structure. Unhealthy fields can be restored to have 6" of dense topsoil, as older conventional tilling practices should only have effected the top 6" of a field.
Soil erosion is the result of many agricultural methods like tilling, monoculture systems, and overfertilization which leads to poor soil quality. To be considered organic, there must be special attention given to your soil. Organic fields must lose no more than 1% soil erosion each year. Here are a few preventative measures that fall within our standards; however, if there is an alternative method that a farmer uses to manage firm, healthy soil and prevent soil erosion, the method must be reviewed by the committee and determined to also be sustainable.
Our approved methods are as followed:
Association for Temperate Agroforestry (2019). "Windbreaks." Retrieved from https://www.aftaweb.org/about/what-is-agroforestry/alley-croping/9-page.html
Food and Agriculture Association of the United Nations (2019). "Sustainable land management." Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/land-water/land/sustainable-land-management/en/
Heimbuch, J. (2015). "9 examples of terrace farming around the world." Retrieved from https://www.mnn.com/lifestyle/arts-culture/blogs/9-examples-terrace-farming-around-world
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Natural Resources Conservation Service Wisconsin (2019). "Solution: Contour farming and stripcropping." Retrieved from https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/wi/technical/cp/?cid=nrcs142p2_020785
Penn State Extension (2019). "Organic land care best management practices manual." Retrieved from https://extension.psu.edu/organic-land-care-best-management-practices-manual
Standard Soil (2019). "Our Approach: AMP Grazing." Retrieved from http://standardsoil.com/our-approach/
UMass Extension (2019). "Cover crops and green manures." Retrieved from https://ag.umass.edu/fruit/ne-small-fruit-management-guide/general-information/cover-crops-green-manures