External features of heart

• • Epicardium

  • Sternocostal (anterior) surface

    • Anterior interventricular sulcus

  • Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface

    • Posterior interventricular sulcus

  • Right border

  • Left (obtuse) border

  • Apex of heart

  • Right atrium

    • Right auricle

  • Coronary (atrioventricular) sulcus

  • Right ventricle 

  • Left ventricle

  • Left atrium

    • Left auricle

  • Base of heart

Vasculature of the heart

• • Ascending aorta

    • Aortic sinuses (of Valsalva)

    • Left coronary a.

      • Anterior interventricular br.

      • Circumflex br.

        • Left marginal a.

    • Right coronary a.

      • Sinu-atrial (SA) nodal br.

      • Right marginal br.

      • Posterior interventricular br.

      • Atrioventricular (AV) nodal br.

  • Venous drainage

    • Coronary sinus

    • Great cardiac v.

    • Middle cardiac v.

    • Small cardiac vv.

    • Anterior cardiac vv.

Structure of Heart

• • Layers

    • Epicardium

      • Epicardial fat

    • Myocardium

    • Endocardium

  • Right atrium

    • Right auricle

    • Pectinate mm.

    • Opening of superior vena cava

    • Opening of inferior vena cava

    • Fossa ovalis (foramen ovale remnant)

  • Right ventricle

    • Right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve

    • Chordae tendineae

    • Papillary mm.

    • Trabeculae carneae

    • Septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

    • Pulmonary valve

  • Left atrium

    • Pectinate mm.

    • Openings of pulmonary vv.

    • Fossa ovalis (on the interatrial septum)

  • Left ventricle

    • Left atrioventricular (bicuspid, mitral) valve

    • Chordae tendineae

    • Papillary mm.

    • Trabeculae carneae

    • Aortic valve

      • Right cusp

      • Left cusp

      • Posterior (noncoronary) cusp