Unit 2: Cell Structure

Topics in this unit include:

-cell theory and scientists that contributed to it

-prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

-cellular organization

-organelles

-transport across the cell membrane

-passive transport

-diffusion

-facilitated diffusion

-osmosis

-active transport

-ion pumps

-endocytosis

-exocytosis

Essential Questions

• 1. What are the similarities and differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  2. How do these similarities affect how and where the cell lives and the substances it reacts to?

  3. How does the structure of a prokaryotic cell make it susceptible to antibiotics?

  4. How does the structure of the organelle give rise to its function?

  5. How do organelles work together to help cells function?

  6. How have eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells?

  7. How does the structure of the membrane allow it to be semipermable?

  8. How does the semipermable membrane allow for the transport of different materials across the membrane?

  9. How does the cell use active and passive transport to maintain homeostasis?

Learning Targets

Learning Target #1: We will compare and contrast prokaryotes and eukaryotes based on structures and the kingdoms they belong to.

Learning Target #2: We will describe and identify the differences and similarities in the structure and function of the cell parts that are seen in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Learning Target #3: We will describe differences and similarities in gram negative and gram positive bacteria.

Learning Target #4: We will investigate the different types of bacteria found in the body and analyze their effects on the person.

Learning Target #5: We will outline details and functioning of some of the major types of antibiotics.

Learning Target #6: We will assess the methods of antibiotics and predict their effectiveness on gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

Learning Target #7: We will explain how antibiotic resistance can develop as a result of human activity.

Learning Target #8: We will describe similarities and differences between key cell parts seen in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Learning Target #9: We will identify key cell parts seen in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Learning Target #10: We will examine the relationship between the different organelles and determine how they work together to create proteins and other products and functions of the cell.

Learning Target #11: We will investigate similarities and differences between plant and animal cells and give reasoning for these differences.

Learning Target #12: We will investigate how cells communicate with each other and determine the differences between communication in plant and animal cells.

Learning Target #13: We will investigate the origin of eukaryotic cells according to the Endosymbiotic Theory.

Learning Target #14: We will investigate how cell differentiation creates specialized cells and compare and contrast the structure and function of these cells.

Learning Target #15: We will investigate how materials and/or water are transported into and out of a cell using passive transport.

Learning Target #16: We will investigate how the cell membrane structure affects movement of materials based on size, polarity, and other characteristics,

Learning Target #17: We will investigate how materials and/or water are transported into and out of a cell using active transport.

Learning Target #18: We will investigate how materials and/or water are transported into and out of a cell using active transport.