Read pages 340-350 and answer the questions below:
1. Where do mutations arise?
2. What are point mutations? Describe 3 types.
3. Use a diagram of a sequence of nucleotides to show how point mutations can:
a. Cause a missense mutation
b. Cause a nonsense mutation
c. Cause a silent mutation
d. Cause a frameshift mutation
4. How are SNPs used in forensics to correctly identify the criminal?
5. Do question #5 on page 345. Using the genetic code, list all the codons that can possibly be altered to become a stop codon by substitution by one base.
6. What is the difference between a point mutation and a chromosomal (large scale) mutation? Describe three types of chromosomal mutations.
7. Differentiate between spontaneous and induced mutations.
8. Describe at least 3 examples of mutagens.
9. When is a mutation beneficial?