UNIT 2 - Organic Chemistry

1. Hybridization of Carbon

• sp3, sp2, sp hybridization

• pi and sigma bonds

• video: sp3, sp2, sp animation

• video: sp3 hybridization

• video: sigma and pi bonds

• Crash course video: hybrid orbitals and bonding

2. Hydrocarbons

• Types

  • Saturated vs. unsaturated

  • aliphatic, cyclic, aromatic

  • Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes

• Naming

  • length - meth, eth, prop, but, etc.

  • side chains

• Isomers

  • cis vs. trans

• Properties

  • boiling point

• Reactivity

  • alkanes < aromatics < alkenes < alkynes

  • combstion - complete and incomplete

  • substitution

  • addition: hydrogenation, halogenation, hydrohalogenation, hydration

  • Markovnikov's rule

• Aromatics

  • hybridization in benzene, stability

  • substitution reaction

  • naming

  • video: benzene

• LAB: reaction of hydrocarbons

3. Functional Groups

• Naming

  • Halo-alkane

  • Alcohol

  • Aldehyde

  • Ketones

  • Carboxylic Acid

  • Ester

  • Ether

  • Amine

  • Amide

• Properties

  • non-polar, polar, hydrogen bonds

  • melting/boiling point

  • solubility

  • application:

    • Video 1: How soap works

    • Video 2: How Soap Works

• Reactions

  • Addition

  • Substitution

  • Elimination

  • Oxidation

  • Dehydration

  • Condensation

• LAB: Esterification

• LAB: Reaction of Alcohols

ONLINE FUNCTIONAL GROUP NAMING QUIZ: https://orgchem101.com/nom/en/

4. Polymers

• Natural polymers

• Addition polymers

• Condensation polymers