Unit 3: Cells

Unit 3: Cells

Objectives and Standards for Unit 3: Cells

Standards:

Standard 3, Benchmark 3: Cellular metabolic activities are carried out by biomolecules produced by organisms

Standard 3, Benchmark 4: The energy for life primarily derives from the interrelated processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis transforms the sun’s light energy into the chemical energy of molecular bonds. Cellular respiration allows cells to utilize chemical energy when these bonds are broken.

Standard 3, Benchmark 8: Multicellularity makes possible a division of labor at the cellular level through the expression of select genes, but not the entire genome

Objectives

· Identify bio-molecules, their building blocks, how they are utilized in the body (diet) and molecular structure

· Understand how enzymes work and the optimal conditions required for enzymatic activity

· Explain how suboptimal conditions (altered pH, fever) may alter cellular enzyme activity

· Compare and contrast a prokaryote and a eukaryote cell

· Define functions of organelles in a eukaryotic cell and how bio-molecules are produced, packaged, etc. within the cell

· Diagram and distinguish between the components of a cell membrane; recognize reasons cell membrane must be semi-permeable

· Analyze and interpret data produced during scientific investigations that involve passive and active transport

· Determine the energy requirements of substances transported across cell membranes

· Identify the challenges of osmotic regulation for organisms found in fresh water and marine environments

· Explain how ATP drives many chemical reactions in the cell

· Discuss flow of carbon from atmosphere, to leaf, through the food chain and back to atmosphere through the relationships of the autotrophs and heterotrophs

· Recognize the products and reactants of photosynthesis and understand it is the opposite process of cellular respiration

· Understand why light is essential to photosynthetic reactions

· Explain the stages of photosynthesis and distinguish between the products made and reactants needed during the light dependent reactions and the Calvin Cycle

· Develop an explanation for the optimal environment for photosynthetic activity

· Explain the stages of cellular respiration and distinguish between the products made and reactants needed during the glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport

· Understand the body can undergo fermentation if oxygen is not present.

· Understand the larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA

· Distinguish between the stages of the cell cycle

· Explain the stages in mitosis and understand reasons for mitosis

· Understand reasons cell growth must be regulated and the consequences if regulation does not occur