Colons

Colons ( : ) The colon expands on the sentence that precedes it, often introducing a list that demonstrates or elaborates whatever was previously stated.

1. Use a colon to introduce a list. Do not use a colon before a list that follows a verb or a preposition.
   1. We have lived in the following states: Indiana, North Carolina, and Tennessee.
   2. You need to bring the following items: a sleeping bag, toothbrush, pillow, and a flashlight.
   3. The list of literary items includes conflict, climax, and foil. (Do not use colon because you have the verb includes before the list.)
   4. In the past five years my family has lived in Georgia, Colorado, and New Mexico. (Do use colon because the preposition in precedes the list).
2. Use a colon before a long, formal statement or quotation.
   1. O’Henry had this to say about Della and Jim: “But in a last word to the wise of these days, let it be said that of all of us who give gifts, these two were the wisest.”
3. Use a colon for time, salutation of business letters, and passages from the Bible.
   1. 9:30 p.m.
   2. Dear Mr. Gonzalez:
   3. Exodus 3:5-17