Please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor for more information.
Please refer to http://gyroscope.com/d.asp?product=SOLARMOTOR2 and http://makezine.com/projects/make-31/mendocino-motor-2/ for more information.
Based on http://www.stirlingengine.com/homopolar. For a video of an ingenious use of a homopolar motor as an "electric train" please see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9b0J29OzAU. We thank "Uncle" Al Schwartz for bringing this link to our attention.
G.B. Kauffman, I. Mayo. The Thermobile: A Nitinol-Based Scientific Toy. J. Chem. Ed. 75, 313 (1998)
http://www.imagesco.com/articles/nitinol/09.html and http://46.34.18.36/cgi-bin/sh000001.pl?REFPAGE=http%3a%2f%2fwww%2egrand-illusions%2ecom%2f&WD=nitinol&PN=magic_teaspoon%2ehtml for more information.