Measuring Development 4.2
IB Syllabus Requirements
Measurement Indicators
Single indicators
• Distinguish between GDP per capita figures and GNI per capita figures.
• Compare and contrast the GDP per capita figures and the GNI per capita figures for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Distinguish between GDP per capita figures and GDP per capita figures at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates.
• Compare and contrast GDP per capita figures and GDP per capita figures at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates for economically more developed countries and
economically less developed countries.
• Compare and contrast two health indicators for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Compare and contrast two education indicators for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
Composite indicators
• Explain that composite indicators include more than one measure and so are considered to be better indicators of economic development.
• Explain the measures that make up the Human Development Index (HDI).
• Compare and contrast the HDI figures for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Explain why a country’s GDP/GNI per capita global ranking may be lower, or higher, than its HDI global ranking.
- Explain Measurements of Income Inequality: Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient
Theory of knowledge: potential connections
What criteria could we use to determine whether a particular method for measuring development is effective?
What knowledge issues might be encountered in constructing a composite indicator to measure development?
Enduring Understandings:
- Indicators are used instead of macro numbers because they tell us more about where a country is in its development.
Essential Questions:
- What are indicators and why are they important?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Part 1: Measuring Development
Video – “Video Development Indicators”
Notes from “4.2A – Measuring Development”
Single Indicators of Economic Development and Economic Growth vs. Development
- Sign Up for Country Research – Students to sign up for ONE from this list. You will use the data you collect for a project at the end of the unit (so save the data!).
Financial Indicators
Go to www.worldbank.org and HDI Index and show students how to find data (data, by country, select country, databank, series, select data – note that you can click on a data title to get more info about it).
Students to find the GDP per capita, GNI per capita, and GDP at PPP figures for their LDC PLUS any one MDC – to write down those numbers then answer:
- Explain what each indicator means
- How does your country compare with the MDC you chose?
- What do these numbers say about your LDC?
Health Indicators
Students to go to www.worldbank.org, and find 2 health indicators about their LDC PLUS any one MDC – to write down those numbers then answer:
- Explain what each indicator means
- How does your country compare with the MDC you chose?
- What do these numbers say about your LDC?
Education Indicators
Students to go to www.worldbank.org, and find 2 education indicators about their LDC PLUS any one MDC – to write down those numbers then answer:
- Explain what each indicator means
- How does your country compare with the MDC you chose?
- What do these numbers say about your LDC?
.
HDI (Human Development Indicators
HDI Data
Students to go to www.worldbank.org, and find their HDI numbers for their LDC PLUS any one MDC – to write down those numbers then answer:
- Explain what each indicator means
- How does your country compare with the MDC you chose?
- What do these numbers say about your LDC?
Measurements of Income Inequality: Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient (Not taken into account in HDI)
HW: read pp551-564 and answer the practice questions
Population as a measure of development
TOK Connection:
Visit http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii to learn more about the GII
Questions for discussion:
- What is Microfinance?
- What is the difference between Microfinance and Microcredit?
- How does Microfinance help in development?
- What factors make it successful and what factors render it useless?
Section B:
Read this interesting article about China's population:
The most surprising demographic crisis
Questions for discussion:
How are population growth and economic development linked? To what extent is the answer clear?
(TOK connection: To what extent is it possible to predict aspects of human demographics using statistics? Is it a useful exercise?)
What makes some countries successful in development?
Can we learn anything from these success stories that can be applied to helping LDC's?
Review syllabus requirements: Make sure you can do all of the tasks below
Single indicators
• Distinguish between GDP per capita figures and GNI per capita figures.
• Compare and contrast the GDP per capita figures and the GNI per capita figures for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Distinguish between GDP per capita figures and GDP per capita figures at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates.
• Compare and contrast GDP per capita figures and GDP per capita figures at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates for economically more developed countries and
economically less developed countries.
• Compare and contrast two health indicators for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Compare and contrast two education indicators for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
Composite indicators
• Explain that composite indicators include more than one measure and so are considered to be better indicators of economic development.
• Explain the measures that make up the Human Development Index (HDI).
• Compare and contrast the HDI figures for economically more developed countries and economically less developed countries.
• Explain why a country’s GDP/GNI per capita global ranking may be lower, or higher, than its HDI global ranking.