historical periods

Major political/military empires relevant to Bible and beyond

3,100–2,260 BCE Egypt (Old Kingdom/Pyramids)

1,552–1,069 BCE Egypt (New Kingdom)

800–600 BCE Assyrian

625–539 BCE Neo-Babylonian

559–332 BCE Persian

332–63 BCE Hellenistic/Greek (Seleucids, Ptolemies)

63 BCE–324 CE Roman

324–640 CE Byzantine

640–1,099 CE Early Islamic Period