Disclosures and Caveats: Formulas Used in Investment Return

The formulas used in Investment Return are taken from “Managerial Finance” by Weston and Brigham (Now “Essentials of Managerial Finance” by Besley and Brigham). “Managerial Finance” is an undergraduate Finance and MBA-level textbook. The Inv. Return and With Dividend calculators use the Present Value of $1 (PVIF) formula, solving for “r”. The Retirement Calculator uses the Compound Sum of $1 (CVIF) and Sum of an Annuity of $1 for N Periods (CVIF sub a) formulas.