A writer’s voice is the way his or her personality comes through on the page, via everything from word choice and sentence structure to tone and punctuation. (NYTimes.com)
An author’s voice comes through to the reader in two main ways: either through third person narration or through the point of view expressed in the novel.
Writers like Toni Morrison and Nathaniel Hawthorne tell their stories through an omniscient third person narration. However, both of these authors have a unique voice, set by the tone, word choice, structure of paragraphs and chapters, and pacing of their stories that sets each novelist apart.
An author’s voice may also refer to the overall point of view conveyed within the pages of a novel. This point of view is based less upon specific descriptions or dialogue and more about the book’s mood and worldview. For example, when considering the books of Joyce Carol Oates and those written by Margaret Atwood, a reader might note themes, character types, and writing styles that demonstrate each writer has a distinctive voice that transcends individual works. (Masterclass.com)
Refer to his short stories below. You do not need to read all of these - just look at some or all (including any you've already read) to familiarize yourself with Poe's voice.