The American Psychological Association (APA) format is often used to cite sources from the social sciences. It uses in-text citations and a Reference List. It was updated to its 7th edition in October 2019.
Other common format styles:
Modern Literature Association (MLA) format and citation style - commonly used in language arts and humanities studies; includes a Works Cited page and parenthetical in-text citations
Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) format and citation style - commonly used in literature, history, and the arts; includes a Bibliography page and footnotes/endnotes
What is a citation?
A citation is a quote or reference to someone else’s work (such as a book, paper or scholarly work).
Why use citations?
Citations give credit to the original author, giving recognition to their work. Citations also give credibility since they provide references to published sources that can support your work.
Three examples of when to use a citation:
Quotations: specific (brief) text copied exactly from the original source used to support to your writing
Paraphrasing: putting a selection from a resource in your own words
Summarizing: compiling the main points of a larger source in your own words
(Purdue Writing Lab)
Reference:
Purdue Writing Lab. (n.d.). Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing // purdue writing lab. Purdue Writing Lab. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/using_research/quoting_paraphrasing_and_summarizing/index.html.