Medieval society was highly structured with a system of ranks: kings, dukes, barons and lords — and as such, the SCA reflects a similar system of hierarchy. It is often difficult to tell what title might be held by those you are speaking with, so when in doubt, be courteous and polite, and address the person as “my lord," "my lady" or “good gentle.” These terms are widely used and acceptable to persons of all ranks.
In many cases, people who wear crowns or coronets are, or were, royalty. They won the right to wear a fancy circlet on their heads. It can be difficult to tell someone's rank, for a person of lesser rank might choose to wear a fancier circlet than someone of a higher rank. If in doubt, address the person as "Your Excellency."
The space in front of the throne is the Royal Presence, whether or not the King and Queen or Prince and Princess are there at the moment. Anyone who comes within it is expected to bow or curtsey. (In practice, this extends about twenty feet in front of the thrones). Please don’t block the view of Royalty. When the Royalty is off the throne, everyone who crosses Their path is expected to bow.
Royalty of the West: There is always a Sovereign (the fighter who won) and a Consort (the fighter’s inspiration). When the Consort is male identifying, they are called King Consort (or Prince Consort in principality reigns).
Royal Crown & Coronet Positions in the West Kingdom
King and Queen of the West
Those who won a Crown tournament, have stepped up and been crowned. As the rulers of the entire Kingdom, they can make or change laws. They are addressed as “Your Majesty." Identifiable by their crowns with oak leaves and roses.
Crown Prince and Crown Princess of the West
are heirs to the kingdom, chosen by combat in the Crown Tournament. They are addressed as “Your Royal Highnesses.” They hold these titles until their coronation as King and Queen.
Princes and Princes of the Principalities
The Prince and Princess of the Mists are the rulers over the Principality of the Mists. Identifiable by their pointed coronets with a saw blade motif at the bottom. They are addressed as “Your Highnesses.” Their heirs are the Lord and Lady of the Mists and are addressed as “Your Excellencies.”
The Prince and Princess of Cynagua are the rulers of the Principality of Cynagua. Identifiable by their coronets decorated with Swans. They are addressed as “Your Highnesses.” Their Heirs are the Lord and Lady of the Swan and are addressed as “Your Excellencies.”
The Prince and Princess of Oertha are the rulers of the Principality of Oertha. Identifiable by their coronets with wolves and stars on them. They should be addressed as “Your Highnesses.” Their Heirs are the Lord and Lady of Borealis and should be addressed as “Your Excellencies.”
Landed Barons and Baronesses
Some local areas have a Baron and Baroness and are known as Baron/Baroness of <group name>.
The King and Queen can also elevate someone to the rank of Court Baron or Baroness. Barons and Baronesses are addressed as “Your Excellency.” Local Barons and Baronesses wear the cornets of their barony. Court Barons and Baronesses can wear a coronet adorned with pearls.
Awards that include Coronets as Regalia (marks of rank)
Duke and Duchess
Persons who have reigned as King or Queen two or more times. They are addressed as “Your Grace” and can wear a coronet that has strawberry leaves on it.
Counts and Countesses
Persons who have reigned as King or Queen once. They are addressed as “Your Excellency” and can wear an embattled coronet (edged by a line of square notches.) Those who have reigned as Consort become a member of the Order of the Rose.
Viscounts and Viscountesses
Persons who have reigned as Prince or Princess. They are addressed as “Your Excellency” and can wear a coronet of their choosing.
Court Barons and Baronesses
The King and Queen can also elevate someone to the rank of Court Baron or Baroness. Barons and Baronesses are addressed as “Your Excellency.” Court Barons and Baronesses can wear a coronet adorned with pearls.