Article features and types
JARE accepts only manuscript with the following features:
Manuscript that has not been published elsewhere.
Manuscript not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
Manuscript approved by all authors.
Manuscripts approved by all responsible authorities (if applicable).
Authors across the world are welcomed to submit their contribution(s) for consideration of being published in JARE. Manuscripts are welcome for peer review in any of the following categories:
a) Research articles: A full length report of original research with added value and knowledge to agricultural research and or policy. This type of manuscript must contain components including: abstract, keywords, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion and list of cited references. The results and discussion section may be combined if desired, and a full-length article of this type must not surpass 16 pages of A4 paper size.
b) Short communications: Short original research articles, rapid publications, vis-à-vis interesting case reports worth publishing but with less body compared with a full-length research report. A short communication for consideration of JARE must contain the following components: abstract, keywords, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion and reference list. The results and discussion section may be combined if desired and such manuscript for submission to JARE must not be more than 4 pages of A4 paper size.
c) Review articles: A review article contains overview of current research in a field, it supplies links between research areas, it discusses and provides novel ideas and possibilities for further research including extensive list of references. A review article manuscript for submission to JARE must not exceed 24 pages of A4 paper size.
d) Opinion paper: Opinion papers for submission to JARE is expected to focus on agriculture policy, policy makers and critical remarks on policy statements, principles and research in agriculture. An opinion manuscript for submission to JARE is expected to have a maximum length of 2 pages of A4 paper size.
e) Letter to the Editor: A letter to the editor provides a means of reacting to published articles. They should be received within 3 months of the publication of the particular paper and should not exceed one page. Introduction of new data through such letter will not be permitted by JARE and authors of original papers will be giving opportunity to react to issues raised in the letter.
Manuscripts should be organized in the following order:
Abstract (no paragraphing, no citation)
1. A concise and accurate abstract is required.
2. The abstract should briefly state the background of the research, the approach, main findings and conclusions of a study in not be more than 250 words.
3. An abstract should be presented separately as a stand-alone document.
4. The use of non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided in abstract, but if essential, they must be defined at the first mention before subsequent use in the text.
5. Since the journal is a bilingual publication, an abstract of manuscript for submission to the journal should be translated into French to encourage a wider readership.
Keywords: not more than 5 items
Running title: This should not be more than 10 words
Introduction: This should capture justifications, problem statement, background and objectives in a concise manner.
Materials and Methods: This should include the following:
1. Proper description of the study area
2. Material and experimental procedures including sampling/data collection, statistical analysis and models used in the study (where necessary).
1. The results should be presented and explained in a succinct manner.
2. Regular decimal points should be maintained in the tables of result
3. Summary of the results inferential statistics is also expected to be stated where necessary.
• All tables and figures should be numbered using the Arabic numerals and placed immediately after the reference section.
• Each table and figure should be described using appropriate legends.
• Authors must indicate the source of any previously published data presented in forms of tables and figures. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to have originated from the authors.
• Footnotes to tables/figures should be explain superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks) of significance values other statistical data associated with the tables/figures.
• Any necessary explanations essential for understanding the figure should be given as a footnote at the bottom of the table. Use either numbers or letters for footnotes.
• Image that cannot be categorized as figures can be presented as plates in the manuscript for example histopathology images, maps, and pictures.
• Formulae should be typewritten using equation tools of the MS-OFFICE
• Subscripts and superscripts should be clear
• Meaning of all symbols should be given immediately after an equation they are first used.
• Chemical symbols and formulae should be given using respective IUPAC nomenclature.
• Equations should be numbered serially at the right-hand side in parenthesis in Arabic numerals.
• When referring to equations in the text, authors should use Equation followed by the number, not Eqn.
Discussion (Implication of the results not duplication)
Conclusion (This should be drawn from the results of the findings)
1. Individuals who contributed to the work in forms of grants, materials gift, laboratory help and others means of assistance.
2. In case of grants, the names of the funding organization and other grant details should be provided.
3. The acknowledgement should come before the list of references in the manuscript.
References: The reference style of the JARE is American Psychological Association.
• Citation and reference lists:
Author's name followed with the year of publication in parentheses.
Example: Piaget (1970) compared reaction times...
If author's name is not in the text, insert last name, comma, and the year in parenthesis.
Example: In a recent study of reaction times (Piaget, 1978) …
If author's name and the date of publication have been mentioned in the text of your paper, they should not be repeated within parentheses.
Example: In 1978, Piaget compared reaction times...
ii. Reference list (journal articles):
Ogunmakin, E. B. (1970). The teacher. London: Oxford University Press.
Hussaini, B. R., & Evans, E. D. (1973). Children and youth: Psychosocial development. Hinsdale, IL: Dryden Press.
Muhammad, I. R., Smith, V., Barr, R., & Burke, D. (1976). Alternatives in education: Freedom to choose. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa, Educational Foundation.
Society, association, or institution as author and publisher: American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.
Editor or compiler as author:
Rich, J. M. (Ed.). (1972). Readings in the philosophy of education (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Chapter, essay, or article by one author in a book or encyclopedia edited by another:
Medley, D. M. (1983). Teacher effectiveness. In H. E. Mitzel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research (Vol. 4, pp. 1894-1903). New York: The Free Press.
Herrington, A. J. (1985). Classrooms as forums for reasoning and writing. College Composition and Communication, 36(4), 404-413.
Horowitz, L. M., & Post, D. L. (1981). The prototype as a construct in abnormal psychology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 90(6), 575-585.
Society, association, or institution as author:
Institute on Rehabilitation Issues (1975). Critical issues in rehabilitating the severely handicapped. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 18(4), 205-213.
More jobs waiting unemployed graduates in Nigeria after 2023. (2022, June 17). Zuru Free Press, pp. 1A, 3A.
Baldwin, T. M. (2020, July). Bandits in Niger and Zamfara forests have surrendered to Nigeria firepower. Leadership, 19, 20-27.
Plantes, Mary Kay (2019). The effect of work experience on young men's earnings in Nigeria rural areas. (Report No. NPOWER-DP-567-79). Lagos: University of Lagos. Unilag Institute for Research on Poverty. (NPOWER Programme Document-0042).
Internet article based on a print source (exact duplicate) with DOI assigned:
Stultz, J. (2006). Integrating exposure therapy and analytic therapy in trauma treatment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(4), 482-488. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482
Article in an Internet only journal with no DOI assigned:
Sillick, T. J., & Schutte, N. S. (2006). Emotional intelligence and self-esteem mediate between perceived early parental love and adult happiness. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap/article/view/71/100
Daily newspaper article, electronic version available by search:
Botha, T. (1999, February 21). The Statue of Liberty, Central Park and me. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Raymon H. Mulford Library, The University of Toledo Health Science Campus. (2008). Instructions to authors in the health sciences. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://mulford.mco.edu/instr/
Authors should state potential conflict of interest including financial, personal or other relationships with people and organizations within two to three years of performing the experiment that could inappropriately influence or be perceived to influence their work.
The title page should include:
• A concise and informative title
• The name(s) of the author(s)
• The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
• The e-mail address, telephone and fax numbers of the corresponding author.
Corresponding authors should up to date phone numbers (country and area code for authors outside Nigeria), e-mail addresses and complete postal addresses.
Keywords: Use 3-5 keywords separated by a comma.
Manuscript should be submitted in MS Word.
Use a normal, plain font (e.g., 12-point Times New Roman) for text.
Use italics for scientific or botanical name.
Use English language consistently
Use continuous page numbering function.
Use tap stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.
Use the table function, not spreadsheets to make tables.
Save your file in .docx format (Word 2007) or .doc format (older Word versions).
Please do not use more than three levels of display headings in title case format
Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently throughout the text
Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and should never include bibliographic details of a reference.
Ethics, Human and Animal rights
Works involving the use of animal or human subjects should provide relevant clearance obtained from the Institute Ethics Committee of the institution or organization where the study was carried out.
Authors contributions should be clearly stated in forms of experimental design, execution, materials contributions, writing and reviewing of the manuscript.
Authors should follow internationally accepted rules and conventions by using international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, authors are expected to give their equivalent in SI units e.g., grams, centimeters etc.
The purpose of this is to check for typesetting or conversion errors, completeness and accuracy of the text documents, tables and figures.
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright to the publisher (College of Agriculture, Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, Nigeria). After copyright transfer, the paper may not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language without the written consent of the publisher.
The corresponding authors will receive a pdf copy of their article (s) upon publication which can be printed and distributed upon request by colleagues.
All papers submitted to the journal will be subjected to plagiarism check and a similarity percentage not above 15 % will be accepted for submitted manuscript text document excluding references.
Submission Charges
This journal charge a submission fee of 10,000 Naira (manuscript submitted from Nigeria), and 10USD (manuscript submitted from oversea). Authors are advised to upload evidence of payment for the submission fee along with their manuscript.
Article Publication Charge (APC)
The Article Publication Charge (APC) for the Journal of Agricultural Research and Entrepreneurship (JARE) is a nominal fee of 15,000 Naira (manuscript submitted from Nigeria) and 50USD (manuscript submitted from oversea) will be applicable to accepted articles for publication in our esteemed journal. The APC is a critical component of our commitment to maintaining the highest standards of scholarly publishing and ensuring the sustainability and quality of the journal.
The submission fees should be paid to: Account No: 6011059239. Bank: Keystone Bank. The payment evidence should be uploaded alongside the manuscript. Upon acceptance of the manuscript, details for payment of APC will be emailed to the authors.