Lamarck fought in the Seven Years' War against Prussia, and was awarded a commission for bravery on the battlefield.[4] Posted to Monaco, Lamarck became interested in natural history and resolved to study medicine.[5] He retired from the army after being injured in 1766, and returned to his medical studies.[5] Lamarck developed a particular interest in botany, and later, after he published the three-volume work Flore franoise (1778), he gained membership of the French Academy of Sciences in 1779. Lamarck became involved in the Jardin des Plantes and was appointed to the Chair of Botany in 1788. When the French National Assembly founded the Musum national d'Histoire naturelle in 1793, Lamarck became a professor of zoology.

In 1801, he published Systme des animaux sans vertbres, a major work on the classification of invertebrates, a term which he coined.[6] In an 1802 publication, he became one of the first to use the term "biology" in its modern sense.[7][Note 1] Lamarck continued his work as a premier authority on invertebrate zoology. He is remembered, at least in malacology, as a taxonomist of considerable stature.


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In 1790, at the height of the French Revolution, Lamarck changed the name of the Royal Garden from Jardin du Roi to Jardin des Plantes, a name that did not imply such a close association with King Louis XVI.[16] Lamarck had worked as the keeper of the herbarium for five years before he was appointed curator and professor of invertebrate zoology at the Musum national d'histoire naturelle in 1793.[5] During his time at the herbarium, Lamarck's wife gave birth to three more children before dying on 27 September 1792. With the official title of "Professeur d'Histoire naturelle des Insectes et des Vers", Lamarck received a salary of nearly 2,500 francs per year.[17] The following year, on 9 October, he married Charlotte Reverdy, who was 30 years his junior.[15] On 26 September 1794 Lamarck was appointed to serve as secretary of the assembly of professors for the museum for a period of one year. In 1797, Charlotte died, and he married Julie Mallet the following year; she died in 1819.[15]

Apart from the colouring, it is impossible to confoundthe pitta with any other bird. Its long legs and itsapology for a tail recall the sandpiper, but there isnothing else snippet-like about it. The classificationof the bird has puzzled many a wise head. It has beenvariously called the Madras jay, the Bengal quail,[134]the short-tailed pye, the ant-thrush, the painted thrush,and the ground thrush. But it is not a jay, neither is ita quail, nor a thrush, nor a tailless pye. It is a birdmade on a special model. It belongs to a peculiarfamily, to a branch of the great order of perching birds,which differs from all the other clans in some importantanatomical details. Into these we will not go,for they belong to morphology, the science whichconcerns itself chiefly with the dry bones of zoology,with the lifeless aspect of the science of life. 2351a5e196

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