These notes discuss heat kernel estimates in the setting of Ricci flow, with an emphasis on analytic techniques and applications in geometric analysis. They cover heat equation methods, comparison arguments, and related tools for studying curvature and geometric flows. The notes are intended as supplementary material for students and researchers interested in Ricci flow, heat kernel methods, and geometric analysis. Comments and corrections are welcome.
These notes are based on the graduate course Riemannian Geometry taught at the University of Science and Technology of China in Spring 2025. They cover Riemannian metrics, Levi-Civita connections, geodesics, exponential maps, curvature, Jacobi fields, comparison geometry, submanifold geometry, and classical global results such as the Hopf--Rinow, Cartan--Hadamard, and Bonnet--Myers theorems. The notes were taken by Wenxin He and Yichen Yao, and have been edited for readability and consistency. They are intended as introductory material and may still contain typos or inaccuracies. Comments and corrections are welcome.