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Zwitterionic material
Zwitterionic material
We develop various zwitterionic monomers and polymers for surface modification applications, aiming to enhance antifouling properties, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility. Our work focuses on the synthesis and functionalization of zwitterionic materials through polymerization and grafting strategies, enabling their use in biomedical coatings, antifouling surfaces, and functional membranes. We also investigate the interfacial behavior and long-term stability of these materials under physiological and dynamic conditions.
References :Chan Sin, Sheng-Han Chen and Yung Chang. Polymer Journal: Biopolymers, Bio-related Polymer Materials, 46, pages436–443 (2014)
In this study, a one-step zwitterionic surface modification technique was developed for polyamide (PA) and polyurethane (PU) materials using an epoxy-type copolymer, poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-sulfobetaine acrylamide) (PGSA). Under acidic conditions, terminal amine groups on PA were activated, enabling ring-opening reactions with PGSA. By optimizing coating parameters such as temperature, concentration, and pH, the modified fabrics exhibited excellent antibiofouling performance, including up to 98.2% bacterial adhesion reduction. This simple and cost-effective approach shows strong potential for biomedical and functional textile applications.
To address biofouling from nonspecific proteins and cells, a new antifouling material—poly(amine oxide) (PAO)—was evaluated as an alternative to PEG. Alkyl-substituted PAOs with different side chains were synthesized and photo-cross-linked onto silicon wafers. The modified surfaces showed strong resistance to protein adsorption, bacterial attachment, and human blood cell adhesion, indicating that PAO-based coatings are promising candidates for biomedical device applications.
This study developed a zwitterionic copolymer, poly(2-oxoethyl methacrylate-co-sulfobetaine methacrylate) [poly(OxMA-co-SBMA)], featuring aldehyde groups for Schiff base formation and SBMA units for antifouling. Using a simple dip-coating “graft-to” method, the copolymer was chemically bonded to amine-functional surfaces. Under optimized conditions (1:4 OxMA/SBMA ratio, 46.8 kDa), the modified surfaces showed over 90% protein adsorption reduction and resisted blood cell activation, tissue cell adhesion, and bacterial attachment. This scalable coating process offers strong potential for biomedical applications on PU tubes and polyamide fabrics.
This study developed an epoxy-type zwitterionic copolymer, poly(GMA-co-SBAA), to modify polyamide elastic fabric using a hydroxylated pretreatment and dip-coating method. Grafting was confirmed by XPS and FTIR, and SEM showed surface changes. Optimized coating conditions enhanced biocompatibility and antibiofouling, significantly reducing protein, blood cell, and bacterial attachment. This simple and cost-effective method offers strong potential for biomedical material surface modification.
To address the lack of robust antifouling methods for biomaterials, this study developed a universal surface grafting strategy using poly(GMA-co-SBMA), a zwitterionic sulfobetaine-based copolymer. Through base-induced epoxy ring-opening and UV-ozone pretreatment, this method enables zwitterionic modification of diverse surfaces including ceramics, metals, and plastics. The optimized copolymer (PGMA/PSBMA ratio 0.23, MW 25 kDa) achieved over 90% reduction in fibrinogen adsorption and effectively resisted blood cell activation, tissue cell adhesion, and bacterial attachment, offering a scalable solution for medical device surface coatings.
Biosensor
Biosensor
Antifouling sensors are designed to overcome the challenges of detecting specific targets in complex biological fluids like serum, where nonspecific adsorption often interferes with sensitivity and accuracy. By integrating chemical, physical, or biological surface engineering strategies, these sensors prevent unwanted molecular binding at the sensing interface. This concept has enabled the development of advanced optical and electrochemical sensors capable of reliably detecting proteins, nucleic acids, cells, and neurotransmitters even in challenging environments. It represents a promising direction for future biosensing technologies in healthcare and diagnostics.
References :Jiang, C., Wang, G., Hein, R., Liu, N., Luo, X., & Davis, J. J. (2020). Antifouling strategies for selective in vitro and in vivo sensing. Chemical reviews, 120(8), 3852-3889.
Conductive fiber
Conductive fiber
This study employs an in-situ reduction method to form a silver nanoparticle coating on polyurethane (PU) fibers, resulting in conductive fibers that combine excellent electrical conductivity with mechanical flexibility. These fibers can stably transmit electrical signals and are suitable for wearable strain sensors. Such conductive fibers are widely applied in physiological monitoring, motion tracking, electronic skin, and interactive smart garments, demonstrating strong potential in personalized healthcare and human–machine interface applications.
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