Assigning a high-attendance social identity motivated patients with opioid use disorder to attend methadone treatment at least as much as financial incentives. 

Helping parents better understand their children improves adolescent well-being, but academic effects depend on students’ stage of schooling. 

A low-cost parent-directed empathy program increased empathy, reduced bullying for at least one year, and improved later high school entrance exam performance. 

A parental empathy and positive-parenting program alleviated “Middle-School Blues” by improving parenting skills, parental involvement, and children’s non-cognitive abilities. 

A job-interview program with employer hiring subsidies sharply increased employment, with gains persisting after the subsidies ended. 

Having more daughters improves older parents’ well-being through better health, greater financial support, more leisure, and less work, especially among vulnerable parents. 

High perceived childrearing costs discourage fertility, particularly among people with few or no children who overestimate the cost of additional births. 

Bullying is on the rise among young people but the cause is unknown. This paper provides a first empirical study on the cause of being a bully by focusing on the within-class socioeconomic status (SES) inequality.