XHTML MP(eXtensible HyperText Markup Language Mobile Profile) is the markuplanguage defined in WAP 2.0. WAP 2.0 is the most recent mobileservices specification created by the WAP Forum (now the OpenMobile Alliance [OMA]). The specification of WAP CSS(WAP Cascading Style Sheet or WCSS) is also defined in WAP 2.0. WAPCSS is the companion of XHTML Mobile Profile and they are usedtogether. With WAP CSS, you can easily change and format thepresentation of XHTML MP pages.
Thegoal of XHTML Mobile Profile is to bring together the technologiesfor mobile Internet browsing and that for the World Wide Web. Beforethe coming out of XHTML Mobile Profile, WAP developers make use ofWML and WMLScript to create WAP sites, while web developers use HTML/ XHTML and CSS style sheets to build web sites.
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The MIME type for XHTML Mobile Profile is "application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml". Conforming user agents should also accept "application/xhtml+xml" and "text/html". Many desktop browsers will only validate XHTML-MP at the display time, if an XML MIME type is specified.
...I ran into this new problem. It worked fine for a while, and then all of a sudden for no apparent reason, instead of my app profile, iOS Safari only shows a red warning box telling there's an error called "Entity 'nbsp' not defined".
Ok, I found Facebook's (old) announcement from march 2011, stating the sites will be unified to a single address: m.facebook.com. I couldn't find the official FB announcement again, so here's a third party news: -unifies-mobile-site-for-250-million-users-2011-03#idc-container
So, I'll just use the m.facebook.com even if it's a lot duller. Questions still remain, though: why is touch.facebook.com still there? Why is it still providing a different looking UI than m.facebook.com and not just another domain name for the same, unified site? Whatever is 0.facebook.com? Why do I need to google for snippets of info and 3rd party rumors for hours to know what url to use to access Facebook mobile? How can FB customer/developer communication suck this bad?
What I will say is the key to mobile design is to offer a separate version of your website with all these combined efforts into keeping things as flexible as possible on a subdomain or something like m.yoursite.com, this means mobile users can choose between the fully fledged main website or your mobile friendly one
It is however important to remember that mobile browsers add features ontop of standards, the best approach is to develop with XHTML MP 1.1 and then check any never features, i.e you are not limited jsut because you decide on a mobile profile, older browsers will ignore tags not supported and all you loose is that any validation will fail since that will read the doctype and use that strict version.
If you wan to make sure it renders on both mobile and dekstop then check the HTTP_ACCEPT on the serverside and check those mime types in that order and then output the mime type the browser can handle.
Anyway, it seemed like the previous answers was to not follow any mobile standards at all but to use html 4 or html 5 and just hope it works, you cover more (older) mobile units by using the mobile profiles that are for that purpose and then using server side scripts and client side scripts to detect newer features that can be used.
This document specifies WICD Mobile 1.0, a Compound Document profile based on XHTML, CSS, SVG and DOM, which conforms to CDRF 1.0 and WICD Core 1.0. WICD Mobile 1.0 is targeted at mobile agents and is a subset of WICD Full 1.0.
This specification contains information, which is specific to the WICD Mobile 1.0 profile. Any information that applies to all WICD profiles, is compiled into the WICD Core 1.0 specification. Any information that applies to Compound Documents in general, can be found in the Compound Document by Reference Framework and Compound Document by Inclusion Framework specifications.
The WICD Mobile specification allows authors to use XHTML, CSS, and SVG together in a predictable way. WICD Core defines basic principles that all comformant content and user agents must apply. Exact language versions and capabilities are defined in the WICD profiles. Content authors are encouraged to see the profiles for guaranteeing use of right feature set.
In addition to this specification, the Mobile Web Best Practices 1.0 document provides useful guidelines for delivering content to Web-enabled mobile devices. WICD Mobile is a superset of the capabilities articulated in the default delivery context section of this document.
Creating unified solutions has always been a challenge in the mobile space. Until recently the industry has been solidly divided: all mobile providers aggressively pushed their own proprietary platforms and languages. For example, Nokia and Openwave developed WML and WAP for consumption in North America. In 1999, NTT DoCoMo launched the popular i-Mode service in Japan based on Compact HTML. Mobile developers had to become specialists, learning the intricacies of each platform. They also had to learn to create content compatible with hundreds of devices. Development took weeks and months and projects were very expensive to implement.
Focused on solving some of these issues, the W3C designed XML technologies to foster industry standards, interoperability and platform independence. Introduced in October 2001, Extensible HTML Mobile Profile stands to make the biggest impact on the industry: it is the amalgamation of XML and HTML designed for mobile devices and supported by many telecommunication companies such as NTT DoCoMo, Nokia, Ericsson and Openwave. Together, these companies form the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA).
To demonstrate how XHTML content can be reused on multiple devices, we created a simple XHTML Mobile Profile web page displaying article titles from the mobile section of XML.com. In a fully functional application, it would be more practical to bring in the data using an RSS feed or database. Here is a complete analysis of the XHTML file:
Some devices will override the CSS tags you've defined. For example, if you are using a monochromatic device the colors will obviously be ignored. Also keep in mind that the implementation of CSS in mobile device browsers is a rather new development. Don't be surprised if you get inconsistent results when you test on different devices, especially image and font rendering.
Due to device limitations, mobile browsers usually can't cache files like regular web browsers. Keep in mind that every time a user will access your page, the CSS file will download into the device. Interestingly enough, most wireless vendors (Nokia, Openwave, AU Systems and Access) have added support for embedding inline styles on your XHTML (which bypasses the multiple file download problem, but also ties your presentation code to your data). Inline styles are not officially part of the Mobile Profile standard.
Realistically, the implementation of XHTML MP differs from the stated specifications, especially in regards to WAP support. The only company that supports WAP in their mobile browser is Openwave. Most mobile browsers from OMA members support basic XHTML; therefore you can also set the MIME type as application/xhtml+xml.
XHTML Mobile Profile is a step in the right direction, but there are still challenging obstacles ahead in regards to multi-platform wireless development. Many vendors have chosen different implementations of XHTML Mobile Profile in their mobile browsers. For example, the Access browser on Japanese DoCoMo cellphones supports the stripped down XHTML Basic rather than the entire Mobile Profile specifications. New Nokia phones can handle XHTML Mobile Profile, but without the WAP namespace support.
The Wireless Universal Resource File (WURFL) open source project has developed an ambitious XML configuration file tracking the capabilities of over 400+ mobile devices. The creation of such resource files is called resourcification. The ASP.NET Mobile Controls has similar device capability information found in the Machine.config file. You can visit the WURFL Project website at the following link: Here is how you deploy WURFL on your website using PHP:
Most mobile browsers are somewhat forgiving in respect to bad code. Ultimately, the validator will match up your code to the specs outlined in your DTD.
Here is a list of common problems and solutions in creating XHTML Mobile Profile content:
Some mobile browsers have limited or no table support: The obvious solution to this problem is to stop using tables. Some browsers will display tables with thick cell borders which may be a problem from an esthetic perspective. WAP based browsers can't display tables at all, therefore you may want to use alternatives. For example, instead of using tables for a menu use an ordered list. If you absolutely need to use tables, you can detect table support by using the getDeviceCapability('table_support') method. For example:
XHTML Mobile Profile has the most vendor support, therefore is the best choice for developing mobile web pages. By adding resourcification capabilities into your application, you can cut down on development time and multiserve hundreds of devices. XSL is a good choice for converting your XHTML data into WML or any other types of mobile content. The introduction of XML technologies in the mobile space has simplified many time consuming tasks and provides a powerful toolset for the wireless developer. Feel free to apply these techniques into your own applications. Good luck!
When I use the mobile profile and when I format my HTML to make it XHTML, I score a 96% when I test my site with the W3C mobile checker at However, If I do an HTML5 doctype declaration for the mobile site, W3C validator gives me between an 80 something and 94%.
That mobile validator appears to not have been updated since 2010. I had forgotten it even existed so I had it test one of my sites. It complained I had an invalid certificate which most certainly isn't true. So you might want to search around and see if that is a valid validator. 0852c4b9a8
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