Complete Note on Trenchless Drilling Technique

Horizontal directional drilling machines are one of the steerable and trenching techniques to bore horizontal bore to install pipelines, cables, and conduits underground. The underground drilling equipment is used to install cables and pipelines below roadways and waterways to avoid disturbing the ground beneath them.

The horizontal directional drilling manufacturer designs the perfect HDD machine using the following raw material track drives, operator controls, and drilling machinery. These machines can easily adjust directions for the pipes designed from the following materials such as PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, ductile iron, and steel.

Operation of Trenchless Drilling

The horizontal directional drilling machine can be installed in both small and large diameter lines varying from 3 to 48 centimeters. However, the Trenchless drilling equipment manufacturer designs a machine that can be installed in two ways.

In the first method, the drill head is used to bore a hole from 1 to 5 inches using the ground as a reference.

On the contrary, in the second method, the drill head is replaced with other devices such as a fluid-assisted drill, a high-pressure fluid jetting system, or a dry bore system to enlarge the hole to the desired size. Reaming devices are used to enlarge the hole so that pipes or cables can easily pass through it. In some cases, when the size of the pipe is large, then the extra reaming step is involved to fit the pipe.

In the final step, a 50% larger hole is drilled as compared to the size of a pipe so that extra drilling fluids can be drained and the pipe has room to bend over.

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Different Types of Directional Drills

There are plenty of different types of directional drilling machines available in the market. The drilling machines come in different sizes and capacities. A drilling machine can bore a hole of 2000 feet to 6000 feet easily. It depends upon the requirement of the user and they can order any type of drilling machine.

Broadly drilling machines can be divided into three categories – large-diameter HDD (maxi-HDD), medium-diameter HDD (midi-HDD), and small-diameter HDD (mini-HDD). The different categories of directional drilling machines won’t have any significant difference among them. They just have been categorized based on drive length, depth, torque and pullback capabilities of each system. However, the basic features of the drilling machines are going to be the same.

Guiding Methods of Drilling Head

To properly use a drilling machine, it is very important to understand the different types of drilling head guiding methods. There are commonly three methods are used to guide the drill head such as –

Walk-over locating system – In this method, a transmitter located behind the head of the drill is used to information which is encoded in the electronic magnets and decided on the ground with the help of a receiver.

Wire-line locating system – In this method, the Magnetic Guidance System (MGS) is used to transmit the information which is connected to the drill head using the fitted wired system.

Gyro-based locating system – It is one of the best methods by far as it is free from some basic limitations which are faced by other methods such as vulnerability to magnetic disturbance, inability to access areas above a drill path, and large tolerance of trajectory.

So, we hope that after reading the brief note on directional drilling machines, you can understand some of the basics of the trenchless drilling method.

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