Publications

27. Ultrasensitive Soft Vibration Sensors based on Atomically Thin Metal Dichalcogenide Ribbon Networks

Xu, C.*; Li, X.*; Bao, Z. et al.  (*Equal contribution)

Submitted (2025) 

26. A Skin-Inspired, Capacitive Array for Tactile Modulus Detection via a Scalable Rigid-Island Architecture

Submitted (2025) 

25. Advancing Soft Robotics: Recent Progress in Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Molla, Md.; Chen, J.; Xu, C. ✉️

Invited Article. Under Revision (2025) 

24. Manuscript on "Tactile Electronic Skin"

Xu, C.; Shi, B.; Bao, Z. et al. 

Research Article. Under Revision (2025) 

23. Skin-like drift-free biosensors with stretchable diode-connected organic field-effect transistors

Zhao, C.; Park, J.; Maulà, D.; Yuan, Y.; Zhong, D.; Wang, W.; Liu, Q.; Xu, C.; Zheng, Y.; Mow, R.; Jiang, Y.; Xu, C.; Lyu, H.; Michalek, L.; Berman, A.; Jiang, Y.; Wei, S.; Zhu, C.; Wu, C.; Abramson, A.; Kim, E.; Ji, X.; Yu, Z.; Shi, J.; Khatib, M.; Shi, B.; Bao, Z.

Nature Electronics, Accepted (2025) 

22. DexSkin: High-Coverage Conformable Robotic Skin for Learning Contact-Rich Manipulation

Wistreich, S.; Shi, B.; Tian, S.; Clarke, S.; Nath, M.; Xu, C.; Bao, Z.; Wu, J.

Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL), Accepted (2025) 

21. From Nature’s Masters of Camouflage to Engineered Optics: Cephalopod-Inspired Materials and Technologies 

Xu, C. ✉️

Invited Article. Journal of Materials Chemistry C (2025)

DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02185E 

20. Compression-after-impact behaviors of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites: A Comprehensive Review

Ning, H.; Selvum, P.; Xu, C., Vaidya, U.

Journal of Composite Materials (2025)

https://doi.org/10.1177/00219983251368300 

19. Scalable, rapid, and predictable ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared camouflage systems inspired by squid skin

Liu, P.; Xu, C.; Gorodetsky, A.

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 13, 11040–11051 (2025)

18. Additively Manufactured Micro-Lattice Dielectrics for Multiaxial Capacitive Sensors 

Berman, A.; Hsiao, K.; Root, S., Choi, H., Ilyn, D., Xu, C.; Stein, E.; Cutkosky, M., DeSimone, J. M.; Bao, Z. 

Science Advances, 10, eadq8866 (2024) 

17. A Transparent, Patternable, and Stretchable Conducting Polymer Solid Electrode for Dielectric Elastomer Actuators

Kim, E.; Lai, J.-C.; Michalek, L.; Wang, W.; Xu, C., Lyu, H.; Yu, W., Park, H.; Tomo, Y.; Root, S.; Lee, B.; Park, J.; Park, B.; Wei, S.; Zhao, C.; Bao, Z. 

Advanced Functional Materials, 2411880 (2024) 

16. Shape-memory-assisted self-healing of periodic dynamic polymers with high energy density and tunable actuation temperature 

Shi, Y.; Cooper, C. B.; Nogusa, T.; Lai, L.; Lyu, H.; Khatib, M.; Xu, C.; Michalek, L.; Bao, Z. 

Matter, 7, 2108–2124 (2024)

15. High-speed and large-scale intrinsically stretchable integrated circuits

Zhong, D.; Wu, C.; Jiang, Y.; Kim, M.; Nishio, Y.; Shih, C.; Wang, W.; Lai, J.; Ji, X.; Gao, T.; Wang, Y.; Xu, C.; Zheng, Y.; Yu, Z.; Gong, H.; Matsuhisa, N.; Zhao, C.; Lei, Y.; Liu, D.; Zhang, S.; Ochiai, Y.; Tok, J. B.-H.; Bao, Z. 

Nature, 627 (8003), 313-320 (2024) 

14. Octopus-Inspired Deception and Signaling Systems from an Exceptionally-stable Nonacene Derivative 

Pratakshya. P.*; Xu. C.*; Dibble J.*; Mukazhanova A.; Liu, P.; Burke, A.; Kurakake, R.; Lopez, R; Dennison, P.; Sharifzadeh, S.; Gorodetsky, A. A.  (*Equal contribution)

Nature Communications, 14 (1), 8528 (2023) 

Video credit: National Geographic

13. Spiral NeuroString: High-Density Soft Bioelectronic Fibers for Multimodal Sensing and Stimulation 

Khatib, M.; Zhao, E.; Wei, S.; Abramson, A.; Bishop, E.; Chen, C.; Thomas, A.; Xu, C.; Park. J.; Lee, Y.; Hamnett, R.; Yu, W.; Root, S.; Yuan, L.; Chakhtoura, D.; Kim, K. K.; Zhong, D.; Nishio, Y.; Zhao, C.; Wu, C.; Jiang, Y.; Zhang, A.; Li, J.; Wang, W.; Salimi-Jazi, F.; Rafeeqi, T.; Hemed. N. M.; J. B.-H.; Chen, X.; Kaltschmidt, J.; Dunn, J.; Bao, Z.

Under Revision (2024). bioRxiv: doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.02.560482

12. Neuromorphic Sensorimotor Loop Embodied by Monolithically Integrated, Low-Voltage, Soft e-Skin 

Wang, W.; Jiang, Y.; Zhong, D.; Zhang, Z.; Choudhury, S.; Lai, J.-C.; Gong, H.; Niu, S.; Yan, X.; Zheng, Y.; Shih, C.-C.; Ning, R.; Lin, Q.; Li, D.; Kim, Y.-H.; Kim, J.; Wang, Y.-X.; Zhao, C.; Xu, C.; Ji, X.; Nishio, Y.; Lyu, H.; Tok, J. B.-H.; Bao, Z. 

Science, 380 (6646), 735–742 (2023)

11. Tunable 1D and 2D Polyacrylonitrile Nanosheet Superstructures

Gong, H.; Patino, D. U.; Ilavsky, J.; Kuzmenko, I.; Peña-Alcántara, A. E.; Zhu, C.; Coffey, A. H.; Michalek, L.; Elabd, A.; Gao, X.; Chen, S.; Xu, C.; Yan, H.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, W.; Peng, Y.; Zeng, Y.; Lyu, H.; Moon, H.; Bao, Z. 

ACS Nano, 17 (18), 18392–18401 (2023)

10. High-Brightness All-Polymer Stretchable LED with Charge-Trapping Dilution 

Zhang, Z.; Wang, W.; Jiang, Y.; Wang, Y.-X.; Wu, Y.; Lai, J.-C.; Niu, S.; Xu, C.; Shih, C.-C.; Wang, C.; Yan, H.; Galuska, L.; Prine, N.; Wu, H.-C.; Zhong, D.; Chen, G.; Matsuhisa, N.; Zheng, Y.; Yu, Z.; Wang, Y.; Dauskardt, R.; Gu, X.; Tok, J. B.-H.; Bao, Z.

Nature, 603 (7902), 624–630 (2022)

9. Fast-Charging of Hybrid Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Metal Anodes by Nanostructured Hard Carbon Host

Gong, H.; Chen, Y.; Chen, S.; Xu, C.; Yang, Y.; Ye, Y.; Huang, Z.; Ning, R.; Cui, Y.; Bao, Z.

ACS Energy Letters, 7 (12), 4417–4426 (2022)

8. Long-Range Proton Transport in Films from a Reflectin-Derived Polypeptide

Xu, C.; Kandel, N.; Qiao, X.; Khan, Md. I.; Pratakshya, P.; Tolouei, N. E.; Chen, B.; Gorodetsky, A. A.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 13 (18), 20938–20946 (2021)

7. Reconfigurable Micro- and Nano-Structured Camouflage Surfaces Inspired by Cephalopods

Liu, Y.*; Feng, Z.*; Xu, C.; Chatterjee, A.; Gorodetsky, A. A.

ACS Nano, 15 (11), 17299–17309 (2021)

6. Stretchable Cephalopod‐Inspired Multimodal Camouflage Systems

Xu, C.; Colorado Escobar, M.; Gorodetsky, A. A

Advanced Materials, 32 (16), 1905717 (2020)

5. Cephalopod-inspired adaptive infrared materials and systems

Xu, C.; Leung, E. M.; Gorodetsky, A. A.

WorldWide - ElectroActive Polymer Newsletter (Edited by Dr. Yoseph Bar-Cohen, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory), 21, 13–15 (2019)

4. Adaptive Infrared-Reflecting Systems Inspired by Cephalopods

Xu, C.; Stiubianu, G. T.; Gorodetsky, A. A

Science, 359 (6383), 1495–1500 (2018)

3. A Novel Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Based on Compliant Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Electrodes

Xu, C.; Li, B.; Xu, C.; Zheng, J.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 26 (11), 9213–9218 (2015)

2. Self-Polarized Piezoelectric Thin Films: Preparation, Formation Mechanism and Application

Li, B.; Xu, C.; Zhang, F.; Zheng, J.; Xu, C. 

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 3 (34), 8926–8931 (2015)

1. Sensitivity of Pressure Sensors Enhanced by Doping Silver Nanowires

Li, B.; Xu, C.; Zheng, J.; Xu, C.

Sensors, 14 (6), 9889–9899 (2014)