Windows Basic Commands

Most of these commands are built into windows so there is no need to download or install anything (the only exception is the Sysinternals commands). Also, these Windows Commands can be run from the command prompt or PowerShell console.

The sfc command can be used to verify and replace important windows system files. If you experience a blue screen or other crashes the sfc command may fix the issue. The below command will scan all protected operating system files and repair if needed.

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The cipher command is useful for overwriting deleted data in windows. When you delete data from Windows the data can be recovered by using data recovery software. With the cipher command, you can remove the deleted data from the disk so no one can recover it.

Sysinternals is a suite of utilities developed by Mark Russinovich and Bryce Cogswell that is used to troubleshoot and monitor Windows computers. The suite of tools became very popular with IT administrators for monitoring windows processes and gathering system details. In 2006 Microsoft acquired the company and its assets.

The w32tm command is used to configure the windows time service settings. If you need to configure the time service to point to a network time server you can use this command to configure the settings.

The WSL commands below are listed in a format supported by PowerShell or Windows Command Prompt. To run these commands from a Bash / Linux distribution command line, you must replace wsl with wsl.exe. For a full list of commands, run wsl --help. If you have not yet done so, we recommend updating to the version of WSL installed from Microsoft Store in order to receive WSL updates as soon as they are available. (Learn more about installing WSL via Microsoft Store.).

The Windows operating system features over 280 commands for CMD (Command Prompt). Some commands are specific to Windows servers, while others are available for desktop versions. In both cases, CMD commands communicate directly with the OS and allow to perform various IT automation tasks.

Use cmd to run commands without affecting the current session. For example, to test a command and return to the current command interpreter session, use the /c parameter:

All the listed commands are available in a single-page cheat sheet in PDF format. Save the cheat sheet for future use and reference by clicking the Download Windows CMD Commands Cheat Sheet button below.

After reading and trying out the commands from this guide, you've familiarized yourself with the Windows Command Prompt (CMD) tool. Windows allows performing a variety of tasks through the command prompt using just commands.

The command prompt is slowly disappearing from the Windows interface and for good reasons: CMD commands are an antiquated and mostly unnecessary tool from an era of text-based input. But many commands remain useful, and Windows 8 and 10 even added new features.

When you run the cipher command by itself, it returns the encryption state of the current directory and the files it contains. Use cipher /e: to encrypt a file, cipher /c: to retrieve information about encrypted files, and cipher /d: to decrypt the selected file. Most of these commands are redundant with the Windows encryption tool BitLocker.

Still, ipconfig is useful because of its extensions. ipconfig /release followed by ipconfig /renew can force your Windows PC into asking for a new IP address, which is useful if your computer claims one isn't available. You can also use ipconfig /flushdns to refresh your DNS address. These commands are great if the Windows network troubleshooter chokes, which does happen on occasion.

There's also a wide range of modifiers. Tasklist -svc shows services related to each task, use tasklist -v to obtain more detail on each task, and tasklist -m will locate DLL files associated with active tasks. These commands are useful for advanced troubleshooting.

If you suspect your hard drive is failing, you can manually initiate a scan. The most basic command is chkdsk c:, which will immediately scan the C: drive, without a need to restart the computer. If you add parameters like /f, /r, /x, or /b, such as in chkdsk /f /r /x /b c:, chkdsk will also fix errors, recover data, dismount the drive, or clear the list of bad sectors, respectively. These actions require a reboot, as they can only run with Windows powered down.

Schtasks is your command prompt access to the Task Scheduler, one of many underrated Windows administrative tools. While you can use the GUI to manage your scheduled tasks, the command prompt lets you copy&paste complex commands to set up multiple similar tasks without having to click through various options. Ultimately, it's much easier to use, once you've committed key parameters to memory.

This article can only give you a taste of what's hidden within the Windows command line. When including all variables, there are literally hundreds of commands. Which ones will turn you into a command prompt master?

"WINDOWS USERS: You might want to jump ahead to the Installations Assignment and use the "Git Bash" application you'll install there instead of using the default Command Prompt. That way you can be sure all the commands will be the same."

For machines with more memory, the 8 KB version added 31 additional statements and support for string variables and their related operations like MID$ and string concatenation. String variables were denoted with a $ suffix, which remained in later versions of the language. Later on, Microsoft released the 12K Extended BASIC, which included double precision 64-bit variables, IF...THEN...ELSE structures, user defined functions, more advanced program editing commands, and descriptive error messages as opposed to error numbers. Numeric variables now had three basic types, % denoted 16-bit integers, # denoted 64-bit doubles, and ! denoted 32-bit singles, but this was the default format so the ! is rarely seen in programs.

MBASIC is a stripped-down BASIC-80 with only hardware-neutral functions. However, due to the popularity of CP/M, the great majority of Z80 machines ran MBASIC, rather than a version customized for specific hardware (TRS-80 BASIC was one of the few exceptions). Microsoft's CP/M card for the Apple II included a modified version of MBASIC that incorporated some of the graphics commands from Applesoft BASIC, such as HPLOT, but the full command set is not supported.

The TRS-80 computer was offered initially with an adaption of Li-Chen Wang's Tiny BASIC (Level I BASIC); within a few months this was replaced by a port of BASIC-80 which incorporated some of Level I BASIC's command set, particularly the commands for setting graphics characters. Level II BASIC contained some of the features of Extended BASIC, although due to the need to include Level I commands such as SET and PSET, other features such as descriptive error messages still had to be left out; these were subsequently added into TRS-80 Disk BASIC.

Although nano also exists as choco package, it is very outdated. Instead manually install this nano. However, when using over SSH, nano control characters get a bit confused, so you may lose some, since windows use it's own API for controlling screen characters, and not POSIX. So although a lot of work is currently in progress for future Win10 compatibility.

But no worries! Micro also supports "Typed Commands" which allow you to control the editor using commands instead of keybindings. So you can type commands and you're fine to use Micro on VSCode as well. However, there's still a tiny problem. To enable "command mode" on Micro, you have to use ctrl + e, which is also a keybinding of VSCode for the "Go To File..." command. So you have to change the ctrl + e keybinding either on VSCode or on Micro to get rid of this conflict and then you're all set.

If the remote computer has Windows Subsystem for Linux installed, you can type bash to have the next commands interpreted by WSL. From here, you can type nano FILENAME or vim FILENAME or whatever your preferred Linux text editor is. To exit WSL and return to regular Command Prompt, type exit or logout.

So, this is driving me nuts. I really dont understand how I could get the commands working in the director. CLI is working fine, no issues there. Ive even gotten the powershell self service portal working but i cannot even figure out how to get a simple command working.

So to start with my director is totally empty of commands, perhaps it should be like that. hostalive and other simple checks working from the cli is not working from the director. I always get a fault about the lookup location /usr/lib/nagios/plugins. Lets proceed with a check that is actually located there like check_ping.

first, how did you install Icinga 2 and the Director? The docs points you to running the kickstart wizard which also imports the pre-defined check commands from the Icinga Template Library. That being said, commands like hostalive or disk should already exist.

Hello Michael, I followed the guide in the official library. Everything seemed to work fine. However I do not have any external commands. A search results in nothing.

Yep I am trying to keep it simple, and its a lot harder than nagios. Part of it could be the absence of all commands though.

Hello log1c. Well it basically says that the check isnt in that directory. Which it isnt. What i found strange was that ordinary checks like hostalive wasnt available in director. But something musta have gone wrong during the kickstart I imagine even though I am 100% certain it went well without issues

Just wanted to let you know that rerunning the kickstart wizard through the cli solved the problem. All the commands are now available. Thanks alot for the help! I am sure things will get a lot easier now to start with atleast 2351a5e196