Routers are a special type of computer. The components of a router and a PC are very similar, including a motherboard and RAM. A router is different from a computer because it can perform specific tasks, such as routing or controlling traffic between multiple computers networks. A router can be described as a smart network device. To understand how a router performs its many functions, you should look at the hardware.

A Cisco router has seven main internal components. These are: CPU, RAM and NVRAM as well as Flash, ROM, console, interfaces, and Flash. The CPU functions exactly the same way as it does on a computer. The CPU executes all commands given by the IOS and operating system using other hardware components. You can have multiple processors on high-end routers, or additional spots. This allows you to add more CPUs later.

RAM stores the ARP cache and buffer information packets, holds queues, and stores routing tables. When the router turns on, it acts as a temporary memory. Although this component can be upgraded, it will lose its content when the router is powered off or restarted. The NVRAM is a nonvolatile RAM which holds your configuration files for startup. This RAM does not disappear when the unit is turned off or restarted cisco España .

Flash memory is an important part of any Cisco router as it stores the IOS image file along with all backups. You can always get it back if something goes wrong. The Flash ROM can be upgraded on most Cisco routers. The Flash ROM stores information about all system hardware components. This aspect can be upgraded by simply taking out the chip and replacing it with a newer one. You can upgrade the ROM to get a new version IOS.

The console is composed of physical plugs, jacks, and switches located on the router. The console is only used to provide access for configurations. Interfaces also provide a connection point for LAN, WAN, and Console/Aux. Interfaces can also be used to connect Cisco routers with higher-end models. Cisco routers can be configured with a combination transceivers and card modules, or even onboard interfaces.