Academic Articles

Academic Articles

ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wendy-Stone-2 

ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9126-6362 

1. Stone, W., Botha, D., du Plessis, M., Eksteen, C., Engelbrecht, A. M., Johnson, K. L., & Clarke, C. E. 2025. Accumulation or remediation? The ecotoxic effects of co-amending water and wastewater treatment sludges for agriculture in sandy soil. Environmental Processes, 12(4), 59. DOI: 10.1007/s40710-025-00799-7

2. Lukashe, N. S., , Clarke, C. E., Pereira, R., Trojahn, S., Hardie, A. G., & Stone, W. 2025. Effects of pasteurization and air-drying on sewage sludge dissolved organic carbon and exchangeable elements. Journal of Environmental Quality, under review.

3. Lukashe, N. S., Stone, W., Pereira, R., Trojahn, S., Hardie, A. G., Johnson, K. L., & Clarke, C.E. 2024. Stabilization of carbon through co-addition of water treatment residuals with anaerobic digested sludge in a coarse textured soil. Journal of Environmental Management, 366, 121904. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121904

4. Stone, W., Masola, M., Johnson, K.L., Lukashe, N. S., Verschoor, A. J., Weepener, H., & Clarke, C. E. 2025. Partnering with our Environment to Manage our Wastes: Land Applying Water Treatment Sludges in Sandy Soils. WaterSA, accepted January 2026.

5. Nel, T., Clarke, C. E., Francis, M. L., Stone, W., Cowan, D. A., Botha, A., & Gallagher, T. 2024. Efficient quantification of soluble and insoluble oxalates in clay mineral mixtures. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 55(13), 1985-1999. DOI:10.1080/00103624.2024.2336574

6. Du Plessis, M., Fourie, C., Stone, W., & Engelbrecht, A.M. 2022. The Impact of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds and Carcinogens in Wastewater: Implications for Breast Cancer. Biochemie, 209: 103-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.02.006

7. Gwandu T., Lukashe N.S., Rurinda J., Stone W., Chivasa S., Clarke C.E., Nezomba H., Mtambanengwe F., Mapfumo P., & Johnson K.L. 2022. Co-application of water treatment residual and compost for increased phosphorus availability in arable sandy soils. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 2(1), 68-81. DOI: 10.1002/sae2.12039

8. Johnson, K.L., Stone, W., Engels, C., Dominelli, L., Chivasa S., Clarke, C., Gwandu. T., & Appleby, J. 2022. Boosting soil literacy in schools can help improve understanding of soil-human health linkages in Generation Z. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 1028839. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.1028839

9. Bröcker, J. H. L., Stone, W., Carstens, A., & Wolfaardt, G.M. 2022. Micropollutant Transformation and Toxicity: Electrochemical Ozonation versus Biological Metabolism. Accepted with minor revisions, currently under review with Toxicology Research and Application.  DOI: 10.1177/23978473221122880

10. Tucker, K. S., Stone, W., Botes, M., Feil, E., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2022. Wastewater treatment works: A last line of defence for preventing antibiotic resistance entry into the environment. Frontiers in Water, 57. DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2022.883282

11. Johnson, K., Gray, N., Stone, W., Kelly, B., Fitsimmons, M., Clarke, C., Blake, L. I., Chivasa, S., Mtamba, F., Mapfumo, P., Baker, A., Beckmann, S., Dominelli, L., Neal, A., & Gwandu, T. 2021. A nation that rebuilds its soils rebuilds itself-an engineer's perspective. Soil Security, 7, 100060. DOI: 10.1016/j.soisec.2022.100060

12. Ferreira, T., Stone, W., Vercuil, E., Lourens, M., Made, N., & Madonsela, T. 2022. Small area estimation for South African resource distribution and policy impacts during COVID-19. Open Research Africa, 5(17), 17. (Open publication and review) DOI: 10.12688/aasopenres.13345.1

13. Stone, W., Lukashe, N. S., Blake, L. I., Gwandu, T. , Hardie, A. G., Quinton J. N., Johnson K. L., & Clarke, C. E. 2021. The microbiology of rebuilding soils with water treatment residual co‐amendments: Risks and benefits. Journal of Environmental Quality. DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20286 

14. Stone, W., Steytler, J., de Jager, L., Hardie, A., & Clarke, C. E. 2024. Improving crop growing conditions with water treatment residual and compost co-amendments: Soil–water dynamics. Journal of Environmental Quality 53(2), 174-186. DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20541

15. Stone, W., Louw, T. M., Booysen, M. J., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2021. Canary in the coliform mine: Exploring the industrial application limits of a microbial respiration alarm system. PloS one, 16(3), e0247910. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247910

16. Chiwona-Karltun, L., Amuakwa-Mensah, F., Wamala-Larsson, C., Amuakwa-Mensah, S., Hatab, A. A., Made, N., Taremwa, N. K., Melyoki, L., Rutahsobya, L. K., Madonsela, T. Lourens, M.,  Stone, W., & Bizoza, A. R. 2021. COVID-19: From health crises to food security anxiety and policy implications. Ambio, 50(4), 794-811. DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01481-y

17. Stone, W., Tolmay, J., Tucker, K., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2020. Disinfectant, Soap or Probiotic Cleaning? Surface Microbiome Diversity and Biofilm Competitive Exclusion. Microorganisms, 8(11), 1726. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111726  

18. Blake, L. I., Sherry, A., Mejeha, O. K., Leary, P., Coombs, H., Stone, W., Head, I. M. & Gray, N. D. 2020. An Unexpectedly Broad Thermal and Salinity-Tolerant Estuarine Methanogen Community. Microorganisms, 8(10), 1467. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101467

19. Clarke, C. E., Stone, W., Hardie, A. G., Quinton, J. N., Blake, L. & Johnson K. L. 2019. Better Together: Combining Water Treatment Residual and Poor Quality Compost for a Sustainable Sandy Soil Productivity Improvement Journal of Environmental Quality, 48(6), 1781-1788. DOI: 10.2134/jeq2019.03.0147 

20. Stone, W., Louw, T. M., Gakingo, G. K., Nieuwoudt, M. J., & Booysen, M. J. 2019. A potential source of undiagnosed Legionellosis: Legionella growth in domestic water heating systems in South Africa. Energy for Sustainable Development, 48, 130-138. DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2018.12.001

21. Rodriguez, O., Stone, W., Schemitsch, E. H., Zalzal, P., Waldman, S., Papini, M., & Towler, M. R. 2017. Titanium addition influences antibacterial activity of bioactive glass coatings on metallic implants. Heliyon, 3(10), e00420. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00420.  

22. Li, Y., Stone, W., Schemitsch, E. H., Zalzal, P., Papini, M., Waldman, S. D., & Towler, M. R. 2016. Antibacterial and osteo-stimulatory effects of a borate-based glass series doped with strontium ions. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 31(5). DOI: 10.1177/0885328216672088

23. Rahimnejad Yazdi, A., Torkan, L., Stone, W., & Towler, M. R. 2017. The impact of gallium content on degradation, bioactivity, and antibacterial potency of zinc borate bioactive glass. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33856

24. Alhalawani, A. M., Mehrvar, C., Stone, W., Waldman, S. D., & Towler, M. R. 2017. A novel tantalum-containing bioglass. Part II. Development of a bioadhesive for sternal fixation and repair. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 71, 401-411. DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.10.024

25. Stone, W., Kroukamp, O., Korber, D. R., McKelvie, J., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2016. Microbes at Surface-Air Interfaces: The Metabolic Harnessing of Relative Humidity, Surface Hygroscopicity, and Oligotrophy for Resilience. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01563

26. Stone, W., Kroukamp, O., McKelvie, J., Korber, D. R., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2016. Microbial metabolism in bentonite clay: Saturation, desiccation and relative humidity. Applied Clay Science. DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2016.04.022

27. Stone, W., Kroukamp, O., Moes, A., McKelvie, J., Korber, D., & Wolfaardt, G. M. 2016. Measuring microbial metabolism in atypical environments: Bentonite in used nuclear fuel storage. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 120: 79-90. DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.11.006

28. Benadé, E., Stone, W., Mouton, M., Postma, F., Wilsenach, J., & Botha, A. 2015. Binary interactions of antagonistic bacteria with Candida albicans under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Microbial Ecology, 71(3): 645-659. DOI: 10.1007/s00248-015-0706-4

29. Ingle, R. A., Stoker, C., Stone, W., Adams, N., Smith, R., Grant, M., Carré, I., Roden, L. C., & Denby. K.J. 2015. Jasmonate signalling drives time‐of‐day differences in susceptibility of Arabidopsis to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. The Plant Journal. 84(5): 937-948. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13050; IF (obtained May 2017): 5.468 

30. Wilsenach, J., Burke, L., Radebe, V., Mashego, M., Stone, W., Mouton, M., & Botha, A. 2014. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the old trickling filters at Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works. Water SA, 40(1): 81-88. ISSN: 1816-7950

31. Postma, F., Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz, J., Przybyłowicz, W., Stone, W., Mouton, M., & Botha, A. 2012. Symbiotic interactions of culturable microbes with the nickel hyperaccumulator Berkheya coddii and the herbivorous insect Chrysolina clathrata. Symbiosis, 58(1-3): 209-220. DOI: 10.1007/s13199-012-0217-8

32. Stone, W., Jones, B., Wilsenach, J., & Botha A. 2012. An external ecological niche for Candida albicans within reducing, oxygen-limited zones of wetlands and river banks. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78(7): 2443-2445. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.06343-11

33. Vreulink, J., Stone, W., & Botha, A. 2010. Effects of small increases in copper levels on culturable basidiomycetous yeasts in low nutrient soils. Journal of Applied Microbiology 109:1411–1421. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04770.x