The sheer magnanimity of the world depicted by Count Tolstoy is breathtaking. Its sort of a crash course to everything one could think of. Of life and death, love and hatred, courage and fear, greed and generosity, and finally war and peace.

The eighth and largest group, numbering ninety-nine to every one of the others, consisted of men who were neither for peace nor for war, neither for offensive operations nor a defensive camp at Drissa or anywhere else; who did not take the side of Barclay or of the Emperor, of Pfuhl or of Bennigsen, but cared only for the one thing most essential \u2014 as much advantage and pleasure for themselves as they could lay hold of.


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I'm speaking to you sincerely, as a friend. Consider. Where and why are you going, when you might remain here? One of two things will happen (here he puckered the skin over his left temple): either peace will be concluded before you can reach your regiment, or else defeat and disgrace awaits you with the rest of Kutuzov\u2019s army.

All Moscow talks of nothing but war. One of my two brothers is already abroad, the other is with the Guards, who are starting on their march to the frontier. Our dear Emperor has left Petersburg and it is thought intends to expose his precious person to the chances of war. God grant that the Corsican monster who is destroying the peace of Europe may be overthrown by the angel whom it has pleased the Almighty, in His goodness, to give us as sovereign! To say nothing of my brothers, this war has deprived me of one of the associations nearest my heart. I mean young Nicholas Rostv, who with his enthusiasm could not bear to remain inactive and has left the university to join the army. I will confess to you, dear Mary, that in spite of his extreme youth his departure for the army was a great grief to me. This young man, of whom I spoke to you last summer, is so noble-minded and full of that real youthfulness which one seldom finds nowadays among our old men of twenty and, particularly, he is so frank and has so much heart. He is so pure and poetic that my relations with him, transient as they were, have been one of the sweetest comforts to my poor heart, which has already suffered so much. Someday I will tell you about our parting and all that was said then. That is still too fresh. Ah, dear friend, you are happy not to know these poignant joys and sorrows. You are fortunate, for the latter are generally the stronger! I know very well that Count Nicholas is too young ever to be more to me than a friend, but this sweet friendship, this poetic and pure intimacy, were what my heart needed. But enough of this! The chief news, about which all Moscow gossips, is the death of old Count Bezkhov, and his inheritance. Fancy! The three princesses have received very little, Prince Vasli nothing, and it is Monsieur Pierre who has inherited all the property and has besides been recognized as legitimate; so that he is now Count Bezkhov and possessor of the finest fortune in Russia. It is rumored that Prince Vasli played a very despicable part in this affair and that he returned to Petersburg quite crestfallen.

The command of the left flank belonged by seniority to the commander of the regiment Kutzov had reviewed at Braunau and in which Dlokhov was serving as a private. But the command of the extreme left flank had been assigned to the commander of the Pvlograd regiment in which Rostv was serving, and a misunderstanding arose. The two commanders were much exasperated with one another and, long after the action had begun on the right flank and the French were already advancing, were engaged in discussion with the sole object of offending one another. But the regiments, both cavalry and infantry, were by no means ready for the impending action. From privates to general they were not expecting a battle and were engaged in peaceful occupations, the cavalry feeding the horses and the infantry collecting wood.

It was rumored that Savary had been sent to propose to Alexander a meeting with Napoleon. To the joy and pride of the whole army, a personal interview was refused, and instead of the Sovereign, Prince Dolgorkov, the victor at Wischau, was sent with Savary to negotiate with Napoleon if, contrary to expectations, these negotiations were actuated by a real desire for peace.

Do not break your ranks on the plea of removing the wounded! Let every man be fully imbued with the thought that we must defeat these hirelings of England, inspired by such hatred of our nation! This victory will conclude our campaign and we can return to winter quarters, where fresh French troops who are being raised in France will join us, and the peace I shall conclude will be worthy of my people, of you, and of myself.

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You write asking me to state my opinion on the case between the United States and England, "in the cause of Christian consistency and true peace," and you express the hope "that the nations may soon be awakened to the only means of ensuring international peace."

C'est  prendre ou  laisser, as the French say. If patriotism be good, then Christianity, as giving peace, is an idle dream, and the sooner we root it out, the better. But if Christianity really gives peace, and if we really want peace, then patriotism is a survival of barbarism, and it is not only wrong to excite and develop it, as we do now, but it ought to be rooted out by every means, by preaching, persuasion, contempt, ridicule. If Christianity be truth, and we wish to live in peace, then must we more than cease to take pleasure in the power of our country; we must rejoice in the weakening of that power, and help thereto. A Russian should rejoice if Poland, the Baltic Provinces, Finland, Armenia, should be separated, freed, from Russia; so with an Englishman, in regard to Ireland, India, and other possessions; and each should help to this, because, the greater the state, the more wrong and cruel is its patriotism, and the greater is the sum of suffering upon which its power is founded. Therefore, if we really wish to be what we profess to be, we must not only cease our present desire for the growth of our state, but we must desire its decrease, its weakening, and help this forward with all our might. And in this way we must train the rising generation; we must educate them so that, just as now a young man is ashamed to show his rude egoism by eating everything and leaving nothing for others, by pushing the weak out of the way that he may pass himself, by forcibly taking that which another needs: so he may then be equally ashamed of desiring increased power for his own country; and so that, just as it is now considered stupid, foolish, to praise oneself, it shall then be seen to be equally foolish to praise one's own nation, as is now done in divers of the best national histories, pictures, monuments, text-books, articles, verses, sermons, and silly national hymns. It must be understood that, so long as we praise patriotism, and cultivate it in the young, so long will there be armaments to destroy the physical and spiritual life of nations; and wars, vast, awful wars, such as we are preparing for, and into the circle of which we are drawing, debauching them in our patriotism, the new and to be dreaded combatants of the far East.

The European nations, forgetful of Christ for the sake of patriotism, have ever more and more excited and incited these peaceful peoples to patriotism; and now have roused them to such a degree that really, if only Japan and China as completely forget the teaching of Buddha and Confucius as we have forgotten the teaching of Christ, they would soon master the art of killing (soon learned, as Japan has shown); and being brave, skillful, strong, and numerous, they would inevitably do with Europe what the European countries are doing with Africa; unless Europe can oppose to them something stronger than armaments and Edisonian devices. "The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master."

The only way to guarantee peace, security and sustainable development is for countries to work together, the UN General Assembly president said in his speech on Monday concluding the annual high-level debate in the Hall.

This is the second time I've read this book. The first was a copy I borrowed afew years ago, and now I've purchased one for my own library. I try to collectgood books I really loved reading, and "War an peace" easily falls into thiscategory.

Well, this review can be arbitrarily long, and I have to wrap up at some point.I just want to address one important issue - the book's name. In Russian, thebook's name is "Voina i mir", which may mean "War and peace" but may also mean"War and society", since "peace" and "society" are homonyms in Russian. Thereare differences of opinion as to which Tolstoy actually meant when he authoredthe book, as you can read here or more at length here (Russian). Personally,I firmly believe that the "War and society" translation is more correct. It isvery obvious that Tolstoy places a lot of emphasis on society in the book.Pierre compares his experiences in the society with his war adventures to formphilosophical opinions. The same for Andrey. I can barely see any mention ofpeace in its "non-war" sense in the book.

Though War and Peace displays a variety of themes, some of the main ones are European culture, love and marriage, society and wealth, and finding a good balance between the disastrous times of war and the calm times of peace. Through the development of fictional characters' personal trials and tribulations, Tolstoy tells a story that encapsulates the human experience.

But what does the title, War and Peace, really mean? It means exactly as it promises: a story that develops within two entirely different dimensions. The first dimension is the war: literally, the 1812 invasion of Russia by the French. The second dimension surrounds peace: the story of Russian society, of aristocratic people truly just trying to live their lives, set against the horrors of international conflict. 17dc91bb1f

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