Floating treatment wetlands are prefabricated structures designed to improve both the ecological health and aesthetic appeal of water bodies. These systems consist of a buoyant platform supporting water-loving plants within a growing medium. As the plants grow, their roots extend through the platform, creating a floating hydroponic system that effectively removes nutrients, organic matter, and a wide range of pollutants from rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands, even treating industrial wastewater. Beyond their ecological function, many cities utilize floating wetlands to create green walkways, recreational spaces, and enhanced bird habitats.

Hydroponically grown vetiver in floating systems exhibits significant root biomass development within three months. These roots actively absorb nutrients and, along with their associated rhizosphere microflora and root exudates, facilitate the degradation of organic matter and pollutants. A dense microbial biofilm forms around the roots and within the floats, further enhancing decomposition. The vetiver roots also biosorb and filter sediments. In addition to ecological benefits, these vetiver-based floating wetlands offer economic advantages, as the harvested roots can be used to create handicrafts, generating income.