Understanding Varicose Veins: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that often appear on the legs. They occur when the valves inside the veins weaken and allow blood to pool. Risk factors include prolonged standing or sitting, pregnancy, obesity and a family history of venous disease.
Signs and symptoms
Varicose veins can cause heaviness, aching or throbbing in the legs. You might notice swelling around the ankles, itching over the vein, or cramping at night. In severe cases, skin changes and ulcers can develop.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis begins with a physical examination. A Doppler ultrasound evaluates blood flow and pinpoints faulty valves. The test is non-invasive and takes about half an hour. In some cases, an ankle‑brachial index (ABI) test may be performed to rule out arterial disease.
Treatment options
• Lifestyle changes: Regular exercise, elevating your legs and avoiding long periods of standing can ease symptoms. Wearing compression stockings improves venous return and reduces swelling.
• Minimally invasive procedures: Endovenous laser ablation and radiofrequency ablation close the damaged vein using heat. Sclerotherapy uses a solution to collapse small varicose veins and spider veins.
• Surgery: In advanced cases, phlebectomy or vein stripping may be necessary. These procedures remove the problematic veins and redirect blood through healthy vessels.
When to seek help
If varicose veins cause pain, swelling or changes in skin colour, consult a vascular specialist. Early assessment helps prevent complications such as superficial thrombophlebitis or venous ulcers. At our clinic in Hawalli, we offer complete evaluation and treatment tailored to your needs.