36. Andrade RS, Cerveira AM, Mathias ML, Varela SAM. 2024. Sociality or life underground: which came first? A comparative and Bayesian analysis of social complexity in the genus Microtus (Rodentia).
35. Órfão I, Alves D, Sapage M, Carvalho C, and Varela SAM. 2024. Interceptive cues: when signals are intercepted by bystanders .
34. Henriques C*, Varela SAM*, Vasconcelos ML, Sucena E, Oliveira RF. 2024. Social and asocial learning genetic architectures in fruit flies. (*co-first).
33. Varela SAM, Liber M, Teles M, Kareklas K, Nunes R, Gageiro R, Mota I, Infantes R, Sapage M, Petri G, Oliveira RF. 2024. Artificial selection for sociability drives divergences in zebrafish genes, brain, and cognition.
32. Andrade RS, von Merten S, Varela SAM, Mathias ML, Cerveira AM. 2024. The shy, the digger and the adventurous: consistency and repeatability of personality traits in the social Lusitanian pine vole, Microtus lusitanicus. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.
31. Laurentino TG et al. 2024. Stronger together: systemic impacts of 11 years of education & outreach towards evolution literacy by a transdisciplinary participatory community. Evolution: Education and Outreach.
30. Espigares F, Alvarado V, Abad-Tortosa D, Varela SAM, Sobral D, Faísca P, Paixão T, Oliveira RF. 2025. Optimistic and pessimistic cognitive judgement bias modulates the stress response and cancer progression in zebrafish. Translational Psychiatry 15:111. pdf.
29. Sapage M, Santos M, Matos M, Schlupp I & Varela SAM. 2024. Mate-choice copying accelerates species range expansion. Proc. R. Soc. B. 291: 20241201. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.1201. pdf.
28. Andrade RS, Cerveira AM, Mathias ML, Varela SAM. 2023. Interaction time with conspecifics induces food preference or aversion in the wild Algerian mouse. Behavioural Processes 104927. DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2023.104927. pdf.
27. Akinrinade ID, Varela SAM & Oliveira RF. 2023. Sex differences in social information use in threat detection in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Animal Cognition 26, 1307–1318. DOI: 10.1007/s10071-023-01779-w. pdf.
26. Órfão I, Carvalho C, Barbosa M, Rodrigues I, Ascensão L, Vicente L & Varela SAM. 2022. The role of intrasexual competition on the evolution of male-male courtship display: a systematic review. PeerJ 10:e14638. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14638. pdf.
25. Gonçalves C, Kareklas K, Teles MC, Varela SAM, Costa J, Leite RB, Paixão T & Oliveira RF. 2022. Phenotypic architecture of sociality and its associated genetic polymorphisms in zebrafish. Genes, Brain and Behavior 21:e12809. DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12809. pdf.
24. Nunes AR*, Gliksberg M*, Varela SAM, Teles M, Wircer E, Blechman J, Petri G, Levkowitz G & Oliveira RF. (*co-first). 2021. Developmental effects of oxytocin neurons on social affiliation and processing of social information. Journal of Neuroscience, JN-RM-2939-20. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2939-20.2021. pdf.
23. Espigares F, Abad-Tortosa D, Varela SAM, Ferreira MG & Oliveira RF. 2021. Short telomeres drive pessimistic judgment bias in zebrafish. Biology Letters 17: 20200745. DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0745. pdf.
22. Sapage M, Varela SAM & Kokko H. 2020. Social learning by mate-choice copying increases dispersal and reduces local adaptation. Functional Ecology, 00:1–12. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13735. pdf.
21. Sapage, M & Varela SAM. 2020. Two research avenues for future mate-choice copying studies: a comment on Davies et al. Behavioral Ecology, 31(6): 1291-1292. DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa075. pdf.
20. Carvalho C, Varela SAM, Marques TA, Knight A & Vicente L. 2020. Are in vitro and in silico approaches used appropriately for animal-based major depressive disorder research? PloS One, 15(6):e0233954. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233954. pdf.
19. Varela SAM, Teles MC & Oliveira RF. 2020. The correlated evolution of social competence and social cognition. Functional Ecology, 34: 332–343. DOI:10.1111/1365-2435.13416. pdf.
18. Carvalho C, Varela SAM, Bastos LF, Orfão I, Beja V, Sapage M, Marques TA, Knight A & Vicente L. 2019. The Relevance of In Silico, In Vitro and Non-human Primate Based Approaches to Clinical Research on Major Depressive Disorder. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 47(3-4): 128–139. DOI:10.1177/0261192919885578. pdf.
17. Órfão I, Barbosa M, Ojanguren AF, Vicente L, Varela SAM & Magurran A. 2019. Me against who? Male guppies adjust mating behaviour according to competitor’s presence and attractiveness. Ethology, 1–10. DOI: 10.1111/eth.12864. pdf.
16. Faria GS, Varela SAM & Gardner A. 2019. The social evolution of sleep: sex differences, intragenomic conflicts and clinical pathologies. Proceedings B 286 (1894), 20182188. DOI:10.1098/rspb.2018.2188. pdf.
15. Faria GS, Varela SAM & Gardner A. 2018. The relation between R. A. Fisher’s sexy-son hypothesis and W. D. Hamilton’s greenbeard effect. Evolution Letters 2(3): 190-200. DOI:10.1002/evl3.53. pdf.
14. Varela SAM, Matos M & Schlupp I. 2018. The role of mate-choice copying in speciation and hybridization. Biological Reviews 93(2): 1304-1322. DOI: 10.1111/brv.12397. pdf.
13. Órfão I, Ojanguren AF, Barbosa M, Vicente L, Varela SAM* & Magurran A* (*co-last). 2018. How pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection influence male mating decisions in a promiscuous species. Animal Behaviour 136: 147–157. DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.12.013. pdf.
12. Clemente SH, Santos I, Ponce R, Rodrigues LR, Varela SAM* & Magalhães S* (*co-last). 2017. Despite reproductive interference, the net outcome of reproductive interactions among spider mite species is not necessarily costly. Behavioural Ecology 29(2): 321–327. DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx161. pdf.
11. Santos M, Sapage M, Matos M & Varela SAM. 2017. Mate-choice copying: a fitness-enhancing behavior that evolves by indirect selection. Evolution 71(6): 1456–1464. DOI: 10.1111/evo.13235. pdf.
10. Faria GS, Varela SAM & Gardner A. 2017. Sexual selection modulates genetic conflicts and patterns of genomic imprinting. Evolution 71(3): 526–540. doi:10.1111/evo.13153. pdf.
9. Rodrigues LR, Figueiredo ART, Varela SAM, Olivieri I, Magalhães S. 2017. Male spider mites use chemical cues, but not the female mating interval, to choose between mates. Experimental and Applied Acarology 71(1): 1-13. doi:10.1007/s10493-016-0103-9. pdf.
8. Clemente SH, Rodrigues L, Godinho D, Ponce R, Varela SAM* & Magalhães S* (*co-last). 2016. Incomplete species recognition entails few costs in spider mites, despite first male precedence. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 70: 1161-1170. DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2124-0. pdf.
7. Faria GS, Varela SAM & Gardner A. 2016. Corrigendum to Sex-biased dispersal, kin selection and the evolution of sexual conflict. [J. Evol. Biol. 28, (2015) 1901-1910]. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 29 (3): 672. DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12821. pdf (Corrigendum to the Supporting Information).
6. Faria GS, Varela SAM & Gardner A. 2015. Sex-biased dispersal, kin selection and the evolution of sexual conflict. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 28: 1901-1910. DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12697. pdf.
5. Bárbaro M, Mira MS, Fragata I, Simões P, Lima M, Lopes-Cunha M, Kellen B, Santos J, Varela SAM, Matos M* & Magalhães S* (*co-last). 2015. Evolution of mating behaviour between two populations adapting to common environmental conditions. Ecology and Evolution 5(8): 1609–1617. DOI:10.1002/ece3.1454. pdf.
4. Santos M, Matos M & Varela SAM. 2014. Negative public information in mate-choice copying helps the spread of a novel trait. The American Naturalist 184(5): 658-672. DOI: 10.1086/678082. pdf.
3. Barros FB, Varela SAM, Pereira HM & Vicente L. 2012. Medicinal use of fauna by a traditional community in the Brazilian Amazonia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 8:37. DOI:10.1186/1746-4269-8-37. pdf.
2. Mery F*, Varela SAM*, Danchin E, Blanchet S, Parejo D, Coolen I & Wagner RH (*co-first). 2009. Public Versus Personal Information for Mate Copying in an Invertebrate. Current Biology 19 (9): 730-734. (Selected "recommended" paper by Faculty of 1000 Biology). DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2009.02.064. pdf.
1. Varela SAM, Danchin E & Wagner RH. 2007. Does predation select for or against avian coloniality? A comparative analysis. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20 (4): 1490-1503. DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01334.x. pdf.
3. Santos M & Varela SAM. 2022. Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Mate Choice. Illuminating Human Evolution: 150 Years after Darwin, pp. 187-199. Editors: Jaume Bertranpetit & Juli Peretó. Collection: Evolutionary Studies. Springer.
3. Santos M & Varela SAM. 2021. Genetic and cultural evolution of mate choice. Cent cinquanta aniversari de la publicació del llibre de Charles Darwin “The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex”. Treballs de la Societat Catalana de Biologia, 71: 94-100. DOI: 10.2436/20.1501.02.208. pdf. Invited publication.
2. Varela SAM, Matos M & Santos M. (2015) Negative information in mate-choice copying. UAB Divulga, Barcelona Research and Innovation, Spain. ISSN 2014-6388. pdf. Invited publication.
1. Varela SAM. 2011. Sexual selection and the cultural inheritance of female mating preferences. In: PEREIRA, Ana Leonor; PITA, João Rui; FONSECA, Pedro Ricardo (Eds.) — Darwin, Evolution, Evolutionisms. Coimbra, Imprensa da Universidade, pp. 121-126. ISBN: 978-989-26-0137-3. pdf. Invited publication.
Varela SAM. 2009. Translation to Portuguese of the book The Descent of Man and the Selection in Relation to Sex, by Charles Darwin (2nd edition, 1874).
Portuguese title: A Origem do Homem e a Selecção Sexual. Relógio D'Água Editiores, Lisbon, Portugal.
2010 Latin Union / FCT Translation Award - Honourable Mention: XVIII Edition of the Award in Scientific and Technical Translation to the Portuguese Language ascribed by the Latin Union and the Foundation for Science and Technology.
Link to the publisher's catalog.
PhD in Biology (École Doctorale Diversité du Vivant), speciality Behavioural Ecology, Sorbonne Université Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Title: "Animal decision-making for habitat and mates: the selection of breeding commodities through inadvertent social information and its consequences for the evolution of coloniality"
Viva: 28th September 2007. Classification: Approved with praise and distinction by unanimity. Link to the theses.fr database.
Thesis registered at the University of Lisbon on January 19, 2015, number 4/2015.