Bobby Strong & Hope Cladwell: Obviously, strength and hope. However, they not only represent these traits, but the concepts themselves for the rebellion. The rebels kidnap Hope, and consider killing Hope, which says a lot about the importance of hope to a revolution.
Officers Lockstock & Barrel: "Lock, stock, and barrel" is a phrase used to mean "all", "total", and "everything", but also refers to parts of a gun, perhaps foreshadowing these two as executioners.
Caldwell B. Cladwell: "Clad" meaning "dressed" or "wearing", his surname means "dressed well", referential to his wealth and further opposing the poor.
The Poor (Tiny Tom, Little Sally, etc.): The naming conventions used for the Poor are reminiscent of media from the 30s such as "Little Orphan Annie", while "Tiny Tom" brings to mind the character of "Tiny Tim" from A Christmas Carol.
Urine Good Company: "You're in good company".
"Mr. Cladwell"
"Hail to you, the Duke of the ducats!": a gold coin, formerly used in European countries (late Middle Ages to the 19th century)
"Snuff the Girl"
quorum: the minimum number of members of a group necessary to constitute the group at a meeting
"Tell Her I Love Her"
strumpet: a woman who has many casual sexual encounters or relationships
slattern: a dirty, untidy woman
tryst: a private romantic rendezvous between lovers
"We're Not Sorry"
"Play it on your / Stradivari!": a broad term for a string instrument, coined by Antonio Stradivari (violins, harps, cellos, etc.)
"Let their blood flow / Like Campari!": an Italian liqueur known for its dark red color
ex-pac: short for expatriate; a person who temporarily resides outside their country of citizenship