SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool that assesses an entity's internal strengths and weaknesses along with external opportunities and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors, such as expertise and resources, while opportunities and threats are external factors, such as market trends and competition. By identifying these factors and analyzing their implications, organizations can develop strategies that leverage strengths, mitigate weaknesses, capitalize on opportunities, and address threats to enhance their overall performance and competitiveness.