Bio-inspired sensory systems are artificial platforms that translate the structures, materials, and signal-transduction principles of biological sensory organs into engineered sensing technologies. 

Rather than simply replicating biological shapes, we seek to understand how natural sensory systems selectively amplify, filter, and transduce external information, and reproduce these functions through hierarchical structures, responsive materials, molecular interactions, and tailored transduction mechanisms. 

We aim to create artificial sensory systems with perception capabilities approaching or extending those of biological organisms, enabling more intuitive and adaptive interactions between humans and intelligent machines. 

Generators are energy-conversion systems that transform diverse ambient or internally available energy sources—including mechanical, thermal, hydro-related, and ionic energy—into usable electrical power. 

We investigate how energy conversion can be regulated by controlling polarization, charge and ion transport, material interfaces, ionic heterojunctions, and hierarchical device architectures, while improving flexibility, durability, efficiency, and scalability. 

We seek to establish self-sustaining energy platforms that continuously utilize ubiquitous energy sources and minimize the dependence of wearable, distributed, and autonomous electronics on conventional batteries. 

Neuromorphic devices are electronic and iontronic systems designed to emulate the signal processing, learning, adaptation, and memory functions of biological neural networks. 

We focus on controlling ion migration, accumulation, trapping, and interfacial interactions to regulate synaptic responses and plasticity, while designing material and device architectures that enable low-voltage, energy-efficient, and reliable information storage and processing. 

We pursue sensory–neuromorphic systems in which sensing, memory, learning, and response are integrated within physical hardware, ultimately enabling adaptive and energy-efficient intelligent machines. 

Two-dimensional materials are ultrathin, layered materials whose nanoscale thickness and large interfacial area give rise to distinctive electrical, ionic, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. 

We tailor their functionality by controlling surface chemistry, interlayer spacing, interfacial interactions, and structural organization, thereby regulating processes such as charge and ion transport, dielectric response, photothermal conversion, and thermal transport. 

We aim to establish 2D materials as programmable and multifunctional building blocks for highly integrated flexible electronics, ionic devices, sensors, energy systems, and emerging human–machine interfaces. 

One-dimensional nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes, and nanofibers, are high-aspect-ratio building blocks capable of forming continuous and mechanically compliant functional networks. 

We control their dimensions, alignment, density, connectivity, and junctions, as well as their interaction with surrounding matrices, to tailor electrical conduction, optical transparency, mechanical robustness, and interfacial functionality. 

We seek to develop scalable and mechanically adaptive nanostructured networks that provide transparent, lightweight, and conformable electronic functions across flexible and unconventional surfaces. 

Zero-dimensional nanoparticles are nanoscale functional building blocks whose properties are strongly governed by their composition, size, surface state, and local environment. 

We engineer particle composition, concentration, dispersion, spatial organization, and particle–matrix interfaces to control nanoscale phenomena such as polarization, local electric-field enhancement, plasmonic coupling, stress concentration, and interfacial interactions. 

We aim to translate precisely controlled nanoscale interactions into enhanced and tunable macroscopic functionalities, establishing nanoparticle-based composites as versatile platforms for sensing, energy conversion, optoelectronics, and soft electronics. 

Hydrogels are soft, water-rich polymer networks that combine tissue-like mechanical characteristics with highly tunable molecular, ionic, and stimulus-responsive properties. 

We control polymer-network structures, molecular interactions, ion transport, swelling and deswelling behavior, and coupling with micro/nanostructures to engineer sensing, adhesion, actuation, and adaptive material responses. 

We seek to develop intelligent soft materials that actively interact with chemical, biological, and physical environments, providing adaptable interfaces for artificial sensory systems, bio-integrated electronics, soft robotics, and smart actuation.