Research

What are the primary processes controlling magma transport from source (melt generation) to eruption, and associated timescales? How do these change in different tectonic environments?

How do we detect submarine eruptions, and test theoretical models of eruption dynamics? How do their heat and nutrient emissions affect the ocean-atmosphere system and the biosphere?

How do we understand eruptive tempo in the geologic past? How do volcanic emissions other than CO₂ (e.g., volcanic ash, SO₂/SO₄ aerosols, halogens, hydrothermal nutrient flux) affect the climate over multiple eruptions?

What is the role of tidal processes in the evolution of planetary bodies in our solar system and for exoplanets? What is the interior structure and potential habitability of icy ocean worlds?

How can we understand planetesimal formation and giant impacts, and how can observations help constrain theoretical models? How sensitive are key planetary properties (e.g., global magnetic field, style of mantle convection) to the initial state of the planet?