• Office address: 9F., No. 200, Sec. 3, Beixin Rd., Xindian Dist., New Taipei City 231228, Taiwan

• Office phone: +886-2-81958419

• Office fax: +886-2-89127766

• Email: tsaicc@ncdr.nat.gov.tw

• Website: https://sites.google.com/view/tsaicc

• Disaster risk reduction

• Data assimilation

• Numerical weather prediction

• Radar meteorology

• 2022–present
  Associate Researcher
  Meteorology Division, National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City, Taiwan

• 2019–2022
  Assistant Researcher
  Meteorology Division, National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City, Taiwan

• 2014–2018
  Assistant Researcher
  Atmospheric Modeling Division, Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute, Taipei City, Taiwan

• 2002–2007
  Teacher
  Private after-class schools

• 2000–2002
  Military service
  Taiwan Navy

• 2014
  Ph.D.
  Institute of Atmospheric Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
  Advisers: Yu-Chieng Liou and Shu-Chih Yang

• 2009
  M.S.
  Institute of Atmospheric Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
  Adviser: Tai-Chi Chen Wang

• 2000
  B.S.
  Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan

International journals (* denotes correspondence)

• Tsai, C.-C., Liao, H.-H., Jung, C.-J.*, Jou, B.J.-D. and Yu, Y.-C. Development of statistical precursors to heavy rainfall from local thunderstorms using dual-polarization radar. Weather and Forecasting (under review).

• Chung, K.-S.*, Chang, C.-C., Zhuang, B.-X., Tsai, C.-C., Lan, C.-H. and Chang, W.-Y. Evaluate the impact of power-law scattering amplitude fitting on dual-polarization radar data assimilation—summertime cases study. Atmospheric Research (under review).

• Zhuang, B.-X., Chung, K.-S.*, Chang, W.-Y., Tsai, C.-C. and Yu, Y.-C. An innovative approach to ZDR data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter: a proof-of-concept study. Atmospheric Research (under review).

• Lee, T.-J., Huang, S.-C., Lee, W.-C.*, Jou, B.J.-D.*, Tsai, C.-C., Yu, Y.-C., Kao, Y.-C. and Cha, T.-Y. (2025) Development of mean wind retrieval methodology for the Generalized Velocity Track Display. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 36, 15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44195-025-00091-z

• Chung, K.-S., Tsai, C.-C.*, Chen, L.-H. and Yang, S.-C. (2025) Convective-scale forecast errors over Taiwan: an ensemble analysis of error covariances and their influences. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 36, 7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44195-025-00092-y

• Tsai, C.-C., Liou, J.-C., Liao, H.-H., Yu, Y.-C.*, Chen, Y.-C., Lin, C.-Y., Chung, K.-S. and Jou, B.J.-D. (2023) Strategy analysis of the extrapolation adjusted by model prediction (ExAMP) blending scheme for rainfall nowcasting. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 34, 16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44195-023-00047-1

• Ke, C.-Y., Chung, K.-S.*, Liou, Y.-C. and Tsai, C.-C. (2022) Impact of assimilating radar data with 3D thermodynamic fields in an ensemble Kalman filter: proof of concept and feasibility. Monthly Weather Review, 150, 3251–3273. https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-22-0128.1

• Chen, Y.-C., Tsai, C.-C.*, Wu, Y., Wang, A.-H., Wang, C.-J., Lin, H.-H., Chen, D.-R. and Yu, Y.-C. (2021) Evaluation of operational monsoon moisture surveillance and severe weather prediction utilizing COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7 radio occultation observations. Remote Sensing, 13, 2979. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13152979

• Tsai, C.-C. and Chung, K.-S.* (2020) Sensitivities of quantitative precipitation forecasts for Typhoon Soudelor (2015) near landfall to polarimetric radar data assimilation. Remote Sensing, 12, 3711. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223711

• Lin, H.-H., Tsai, C.-C.*, Liou, J.-C., Chen, Y.-C., Lin, C.-Y., Lin, L.-Y. and Chung, K.-S. (2020) Multi-weather evaluation of nowcasting methods including a new empirical blending scheme. Atmosphere, 11, 1166. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111166

• You, C.-R., Chung, K.-S.* and Tsai, C.-C. (2020) Evaluating the performance of a convection-permitting model by using dual-polarimetric radar parameters: case study of SoWMEX IOP8. Remote Sensing, 12, 3004. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183004

• Wu, P.-Y., Yang, S.-C.*, Tsai, C.-C. and Cheng, H.-W. (2020) Convective-scale sampling error and its impact on the ensemble radar data assimilation system: a case study of a heavy rainfall event on 16 June 2008 in Taiwan. Monthly Weather Review, 148, 3631–3652. https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-19-0319.1

• Yang, S.-C.*, Huang, Z.-M., Huang, C.-Y., Tsai, C.-C. and Yeh, T.-K. (2020) A case study on the impact of ensemble data assimilation with GNSS-zenith total delay and radar data on heavy rainfall prediction. Monthly Weather Review, 148, 1075–1098. https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0418.1

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C.* and Liou, Y.-C. (2014) Improving quantitative precipitation nowcasting with a local ensemble transform Kalman filter radar data assimilation system: observing system simulation experiments. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 66, 21804. https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v66.21804

Native journals

• 張沁全、鍾高陞、莊秉學、張偉裕、蔡直謙、郭鴻基（2024）同化雙偏極化雷達差異反射率之新方法：2021年宜蘭降雨觀測實驗IOP2個案分析。大氣科學，52，99–135。https://doi.org/10.53106/025400022024125202002

• 劉嘉騏、蔡直謙、廖信豪、林欣弘、于宜強（2023）雷達資料同化於極短期降雨預報之應用。氣象預報與分析，256，1–14。

• 林忠義、蔡直謙、林欣弘、劉嘉騏、陳御群、于宜強（2021）即時降雨預警技術開發及展示系統說明。氣象預報與分析，249，17–28。

• 游承融、鍾高陞、蔡直謙（2020）利用雙偏極化雷達觀測資料進行極短期天氣預報評估─2008年西南氣流實驗IOP8期間颮線系統個案。大氣科學，48，1–43。https://doi.org/10.3966/025400022020104801001

Book chapters

• Chung, K.-S., Tsai, C.-C., Ke, C.-Y., Do, P.-N. and Liou, Y.-C. (2023) Evaluating the assimilation of observable and retrievable weather radar information for quantitative precipitation forecasts. In Park, S.K. (ed.) Numerical weather prediction: East Asian perspectives. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40567-9_9

• Yang, S.-C., Cheng, H.-W., Wu, P.-Y., Huang, Z.-M. and Tsai, C.-C. (2022) Convective-scale data assimilation and precipitation prediction with a local ensemble transform Kalman filter radar assimilation system over complex terrain: a thorough investigation with the heavy rainfall in Taiwan on 16 June 2008. In Park, S.K. and Xu, L. (eds.) Data assimilation for atmospheric, oceanic and hydrologic applications (vol. iv). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG, pp. 543–579. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77722-7_21

Theses

• 蔡直謙、廖宇慶、楊舒芝（2014）利用局地系集轉換卡爾曼濾波器雷達資料同化系統改善定量降水即時預報：莫拉克颱風（2009）。博士論文。臺灣桃園市：國立中央大學大氣物理研究所。

• 蔡直謙、陳台琦（2009）SoWMEX/TiMREX個案中雨滴粒徑分佈之收支分析。碩士論文。臺灣桃園市：國立中央大學大氣物理研究所。

International conferences

• Tsai, C.-C., Lin, C.-Y., Liou, J.-C., Liao, H.-H., Chen, Y.-C., Chung, K.-S., Jou B.J.-D. and Yu, Y.-C. (2023) Rainfall nowcasting performance of the extrapolation adjusted by model prediction (ExAMP) blending scheme [Poster], 15th International Conference on Mesoscale Convective Systems. Online, May 22–25.

• Tsai, C.-C., Liao, H.-H., Liou, J.-C., Chen, Y.-C., Lin, H.-H., Huang, S.-C., Chu, J.-L., Yu, Y.-C. and Jou, B.J.-D. (2023) Overview of weather radar applications at NCDR, 2nd NIED-NCDR Workshop. Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, March 20.

• Tsai, C.-C., Liao, H.-H., Liou, J.-C., Chen, Y.-C., Lin, H.-H., Huang, S.-C., Chu, J.-L., Yu, Y.-C. and Jou, B.J.-D. (2023) Real-time applications of radar data to severe weather monitoring and warning at NCDR, 11th DPRI-NCDR Workshop. Kyoto, Japan, March 18.

• Tsai, C.-C., Liao, H.-H., Liou, J.-C., Chen, Y.-C., Lin, H.-H., Huang, S.-C., Chu, J.-L., Yu, Y.-C. and Jou, B.J.-D. (2022) Introduction to weather radar research and real-time applications at NCDR, ISEE-NCDR Workshop. Online, December 23.

• Tsai, C.-C. (2020) Development and application of the extrapolation adjusted by model prediction (ExAMP) nowcasting method, 9th DPRI-NCDR Workshop. Online, November 20.

• Tsai, C.-C., Huang, S.-C., Chen, Y.-C., Hsu, L.-H., Hsu, C.-L., Tseng, C.-H., Liao, H.-H., Huang, L.-R., Lin, Y.-C., Hsieh, M.-E., Wang, C.-J., Lin, C.-Y., Liou, J.-C., Hsiao, L.-F., Feng, L. and Huang, C.-Y. (2018) Recap of atmospheric research at TTFRI, 2018 ACTS Workshop. Taipei City, Taiwan, November 26–27.

• Tsai, C.-C. and Jung, Y. (2018) Quantitative precipitation forecasting with polarimetric radar data assimilation: Typhoon Soudelor (2015), AOGS 15th Annual Meeting. Honolulu, HI, USA, June 3–8.

• Tsai, C.-C. and Jung, Y. (2018) Quantitative precipitation forecasting with polarimetric radar data assimilation: Typhoon Soudelor (2015) [Poster], 8th EnKF Data Assimilation Workshop. Sainte-Adèle, Québec, Canada, May 7–10.

• Tsai, C.-C. and Jung, Y. (2017) Sensitivities of very short-term numerical prediction to polarimetric radar data assimilation: Typhoon Soudelor (2015), AMS 38th Conference on Radar Meteorology. Chicago, IL, USA, August 28–September 1.

• Tsai, C.-C., Lin, C.-Y. and Liou, J.-C. (2016) Improving 6-hour rainfall forecasting for typhoon cases with radar data assimilation, 2016 APEC Typhoon Symposium. Taipei City, Taiwan, May 24–26.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C., Lin, C.-Y. and Liou, J.-C. (2016) The development of WLRAS and its very short-term QPF performance in multiple heavy rainfall events [Poster], 7th EnKF Data Assimilation Workshop. State College, PA, USA, May 23–27.

• Tsai, C.-C., Tseng, C.-H., Lin, C.-Y., Liou, J.-C., Liao, H.-H., Feng, L., Hsiao, L.-F., Liou, Y.-C. and Lee, C.-S. (2015) Current status and future prospects of research on radar observation and assimilation at TTFRI [Poster], 2015 US-Taiwan Extreme Precipitation and Weather Workshop. Taipei City, Taiwan, May 29–30.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2014) Improving quantitative precipitation nowcasting with a local ensemble transform Kalman filter radar data assimilation system: real-case validation, AOGS 11th Annual Meeting. Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, July 28–August 1.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2014) Improving quantitative precipitation nowcasting with a local ensemble transform Kalman filter radar data assimilation system: real-case validation [Poster], 6th EnKF Data Assimilation Workshop. Buffalo, NY, USA, May 18–22.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2013) Improving short-term QPFs with a WRF-LETKF radar data assimilation system [Poster], 2013 APEC Typhoon Symposium. Taipei City, Taiwan, October 21–23.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2013) Improving short-term QPFs with a WRF-LETKF radar data assimilation system: OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009) [Poster], AMS 36th Conference on Radar Meteorology. Breckenridge, CO, USA, September 16–20.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2012) Improving short-term QPFs over complex terrain with a WRF-LETKF radar data assimilation system: OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009) [Poster], 2012 APEC Typhoon Symposium. Taipei City, Taiwan, June 5–6.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2012) Improving short-term QPFs over complex terrain with a WRF-LETKF radar data assimilation system: OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009) [Poster], 5th EnKF Data Assimilation Workshop. Albany, NY, USA, May 21–24.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2011) Radar data assimilation with the WRF-LETKF system and its preliminary results of OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009), AMS 35th Conference on Radar Meteorology. Pittsburgh, PA, USA, September 26–30.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2011) Radar data assimilation with the WRF-LETKF system and its preliminary results of OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009), AOGS 8th Annual Meeting. Taipei City, Taiwan, August 8–12.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2011) Radar data assimilation with the WRF-LETKF system and its preliminary results of OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009) [Poster], 2011 International Workshop on Typhoon and Flood. Taipei City, Taiwan, June 23–24.

• Tsai, C.-C., Yang, S.-C. and Liou, Y.-C. (2011) Radar data assimilation with the WRF-LETKF system and its preliminary results of OSSEs on Typhoon Morakot (2009), 5th East Asia WRF Workshop and Tutorial. Busan, South Korea, April 11–19.

Native conferences

• 蔡直謙、廖信豪、林忠義、于宜強、周仲島（2021）使用偏極化雷達觀測反演降雨動能的方法與應用，110年天氣分析與預報研討會。臺灣臺北市，10月26–28日。

• 蔡直謙（2020）Impacts of polarimetric radar data assimilation on typhoon rainfall nowcasting，109年天氣分析與預報研討會。臺灣臺北市，10月13–15日。

• 蔡直謙、Jung, Y.（2018）Quantitative precipitation forecasting with polarimetric radar data assimilation: Typhoon Soudelor (2015)〔海報〕，2018年大氣科學學門研究成果發表會。臺灣臺南市，3月10–11日。

• 蔡直謙、Jung, Y.（2017）Polarimetric radar assimilation with WLRAS and its preliminary experimental results〔海報〕，2017年大氣科學學門研究成果發表會。臺灣苗栗縣，2月9–10日。

• 蔡直謙、楊舒芝、林忠義、劉嘉騏（2016）The development of WLRAS and its very short-term QPF performance in multiple heavy rainfall events〔海報〕，2016年大氣科學學門研究成果發表會。臺灣臺中市，2月28–29日。

• 蔡直謙、林忠義、劉嘉騏、蕭玲鳳、鳳雷、廖宇慶、李清勝（2015）WRF-LETKF雷達同化系統於多個豪雨事件之極短期降雨預報表現，104年天氣分析與預報研討會。臺灣臺北市，9月15–17日。

• 蔡直謙、廖宇慶、楊舒芝（2014）利用局地系集轉換卡爾曼濾波器雷達資料同化系統改善定量降水即時預報：莫拉克颱風（2009），103年天氣分析與預報研討會。臺灣臺北市，9月16–18日。

• 蔡直謙、陳台琦（2009）SoWMEX/TiMREX個案中雨滴粒徑分佈之收支分析，98年天氣分析與預報研討會。臺灣臺北市，9月8–10日。

Invited speeches

• Tsai, C.-C., Liao, H.-H., Liou, J.-C. and Yu, Y.-C. (2024) An update of radar-related research progress in NCDR, Nagoya University. Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, October 21.

• Tsai, C.-C., Liou, J.-C., Liao, H.-H., Chen, Y.-C. and Yu, Y.-C. (2023) Overview of recent radar- and satellite-related achievements in NCDR, Nagoya University. Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, November 24.

• 蔡直謙（2019）偏極化雷達資料於數值天氣預報之應用，國防大學。臺灣桃園市，2月22日。

• Tsai, C.-C. and Jung, Y. (2017) Preliminary experimental results of polarimetric radar data assimilation in the case of Typhoon Soudelor (2015), RIKEN. Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, August 4.

• 蔡直謙、楊舒芝、廖宇慶、林忠義、劉嘉騏（2017）Improving short-term quantitative precipitation forecasting with a WRF-LETKF radar assimilation system，中國文化大學。臺灣臺北市，3月30日。

• 蔡直謙、Jung, Y.（2016）偏極化雷達觀測算符及其模擬，交通部中央氣象局。臺灣臺北市，6月7日。

• 蔡直謙、廖宇慶、楊舒芝（2014）Improving quantitative precipitation nowcasting with a local ensemble transform Kalman filter radar data assimilation system，交通部中央氣象局。臺灣臺北市，8月1日。