Over the past two decades, marine virology has progressed from a curiosity to an intensely studied topic of critical importance to oceanography. At concentrations of approximately 10 million viruses per milliliter of surface seawater, viruses are the most abundant biological entities in the oceans. The majority of these viruses are phages (viruses that infect bacteria). Through lysing their bacterial hosts, marine phages control bacterial abundance, affect community composition, and impact global biogeochemical cycles. In addition, phages influence their hosts through selection for resistance, horizontal gene transfer, and manipulation of bacterial metabolism. Recent work has also demonstrated that marine phages are extremely diverse and can carry a variety of auxiliary metabolic genes encoding critical ecological functions. This review is structured as a scientific "truth or dare," revealing several well-established "truths" about marine viruses and presenting a few "dares" for the research community to undertake in future studies.

As the tour winds down, the group plays a game of truth or dare? and Madonna is dared to perform fellatio on a glass bottle. She's then asked who has been the "love of your life for your whole life?", to which she replies without hesitation, "Sean. Sean". She then invites her dancers and backup singers, one by one, to join her in bed, where she imparts "words of wisdom" to each. While the show's closing act, "Keep It Together", plays, a montage of Madonna saying good-bye to her dancers is shown. The film ends with a clip of Madonna telling director Alek Keshishian to go away and, "Cut it, Alek! Cut it, Goddamnit!"


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In August 1990, after the film was finished, Madonna invited a group of friends, including Warren Beatty, to watch a rough cut in the screening room of Beatty's home.[32] According to Taraborrelli, Beatty did not approve of the film; the next day, Madonna received a letter from his attorney demanding that certain scenes featuring Beatty be cut from the final version of the film, otherwise she would be sued; they came to an agreement in private and the scenes in question were removed from the movie.[32] In tribute to the games of truth or dare? Madonna and her entourage played during their breaks between shows, the working title was Truth or Dare: On the Road, Behind the Scenes and In Bed with Madonna, but Madonna felt it was too long and shortened it to Truth or Dare.[33][24] Outside North America, the title was changed by Miramax Films to In Bed with Madonna, due to the game being relatively unknown in other countries.[34] In a 2005 interview with Dermot O'Leary, Madonna said she disliked that title, calling it "really naff".[35]

Sit in a circle and begin with one player choosing whether they want a truth question or a dare. You can choose whose turn it is by moving clockwise around a circle, spinning a bottle, or selecting random players. Once someone has made their choice, a truth-questioner or dare-master will give them their fate.

Most people associate Truth or Dare with the chance to see their friends do something outrageous. But truth questions are remarkably underrated for revealing deeper feelings and juicy secrets you may not otherwise know about someone. Sometimes the haze of a late-night game after a few drinks provides the perfect setting to open up and confess the unexpected.

How might you write the version of this sketch with only one unusual character? How would you heighten and explore in a version where only Jeanette drew the connection between truth or dare truths and philosophical truths?

All right, Melissa, truth or dare?

Look how quickly you can start a sketch. No chuffah needed. You could have the characters engaging in some unrelated sleepover chatter, but you really don\u2019t need it. This is a sketch about truth or dare, so let\u2019s play truth or dare! You don\u2019t need to ease the audience in; they\u2019ll catch up fast. This is a good area to look at when you\u2019re editing. Do you get to your game within the first three lines? If not, you may need some cuts right at the top.


\u2026this is gonna be a big one. I\u2019m talking about a REAL truth here.

This is the line that establishes the unexpected connection that makes this sketch work. A \u201Cbig\u201D \u201Creal\u201D truth within the context of \u201Ctruth or dare\u201D means something that is secretive and deeply embarrassing, but a big, real truth could also refer to a high-minded philosophical examination of the world. This is the surprising juxtaposition of the sketch. You have a contrast of opposites: high-brow philosophy with low-brow kids\u2019 games. Important reflections on existence contrasted with frivolous gossip. These opposites are connected by the fact that we use the word \u201Ctruth\u201D to refer to both. We only need to establish this connection once, and that gives us the freedom to be as silly as we want for the rest of the sketch.


Are humans inherently good?

The first game move. This is usually the first laugh. It\u2019s a surprise (you don\u2019t expect these giggly tweens to start talking philosophy) but it\u2019s also logical (she said she was going to ask about a big truth. That\u2019s exactly what she\u2019s done.)

I can\u2019t believe you asked me that!

When this sketch is performed live, this line also usually gets a laugh. Why? Because it resets reality in a surprising way. Audiences will always assume that the sketch they\u2019re watching takes place in our everyday reality, until they have evidence to suggest otherwise. This sketch seems to open with normal people in a normal world. So far, so good. Then Jeanette makes a weird statement about the inherent morality of humankind. Most people will then assume that Jeanette is unusual, but the rest of the world is still like ours. The response from Melissa is a surprising turn that makes the audience reevaluate the scene. It\u2019s not that Jeanette is weird, the whole world of the sketch is.


It\u2019s worth noting that you could write this sketch with one weird character instead. You could have the same game, with the same observation about the word \u201Ctruth\u201D but instead, only Jeanette is unusual and the other characters play straight man to her weirdness. This could work just fine! I decided to go the way I did because it felt more playful (all the characters get to play the game) and more energetic. But it\u2019s not the right choice, just a different choice.


That\u2019s not what Gina Meyer told me.

This sketch has a very simple structure because truth or dare itself has a simple structure. Everyone\u2019s going to take their turn. Everyone\u2019s going to get a chance to play (both the game, and he game of the sketch). The second beat will come when the next person takes their turn. But we can\u2019t repeat the exact circumstances of the first beat or it will become repetitive and people will stop laughing. So how do we shift things up?


In this sketch, I looked back to the reality of truth or dare. In real life do people always just say their truth and move on? No. People might try to lie, or weasel their way out of a turn, or try to end the game if it\u2019s getting too intense. These moments feel real, and also let us disrupt the pattern just enough to keep the audience on their toes.


This particular line also explores the world of the sketch and once again reframes reality. It\u2019s not just these girls just this one night gossiping about philosophical concepts. They have unseen peers who also do this, and they seem to be doing this all the time. These girls just gotta get to the truth.1


Mom enters.

This whole mom beat wasn\u2019t in the original stage version of the sketch. It was only after I wanted to shoot it for CollegeHumor that it was added, based on notes from another writer.2 I think it\u2019s a nice moment that breaks up the pattern, especially since there\u2019s only one player left. The audience expects her to take her turn, so let\u2019s throw a curveball at \u2018em. 


This beat is a good example of \u201Cif/then\u201D thinking, a shortening of \u201CIf this is true, then what else must be true?\u201D If young girls treat philosophical truths like gossip, what else does that imply? It could imply this mom beat\u2026 as well as a million other things that didn\u2019t make it into the script.


DARE!

These characters are playing truth or dare. One of them must pick dare at some point. They just have to. But when I was writing the script it wasn\u2019t totally clear the best way to have a dare that supported the game. Doesn\u2019t this sketch rely on an observation about truth? 


This beat is what I came up with \u2014 a dare that\u2019s still about truth and philosophy. If I\u2019m being honest, it still feels like a bit of a cheat to me, but it mostly works. Luckily, after a few beats you earn enough audience goodwill to get a little fast and loose sometimes.


Forgive us for sounding like Monica from Friends, but sometimes all we need is a bit of organised fun. Whether that's a round of 'most likely to', a drinking game or even dinner party games. Or how about a good old fashioned game of truth or dare?

ADULT TRUTH OR DARE: Dares include \"Let your partner remove one piece of clothing from you--their choice\" while truths include \"If you were going to buy something provocative for your partner, what would it be?\"

Just like our truth or dare questions, our adventure challenges are designed to create connection between the two of you while giving you something fun to do. The Couples Edition can be used for a series of fun date ideas, while the In Bed Edition is more of a series of seductive challenges, similar to some of our truth or dare questions, to do with one another. We say go for both and use them as the mood strikes you. 17dc91bb1f

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