A Guide to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) uses magnetic fields to stimulate brain nerve cells and improve depression symptoms. TMS is used in cases where other treatment options for depression are not effective.

The treatment of depression is done by delivering repetitive magnetic pulses. It's also called repetitive TMS, or rTMS.

Why it is done?

An electromagnetic coil is placed on your scalp close to your forehead during an rTMS treatment. The electromagnetic coil delivers a gentle magnetic pulse which stimulates the brain's depression and mood control regions. It activates depression-prone areas of the brain.

While the biology of how rTMS works remains a mystery, stimulation seems to have an impact on brain function, which may, in turn, affect depression symptoms and improve mood.

There are several ways to perform the procedure. Techniques can change as professionals learn more about the best ways to do it.

How does it work?

Depression can be treated. However, for some people, standard treatments don't work. Repetitive TMS can be used when other treatments, such as medication or talk therapy (psychotherapy), don't work.

Risks

Repetitive TMS is a non-invasive method of brain stimulation that can be used to treat depression. Unlike deep brain stimulation or vagus nerve stimulation (ECT), rTMS is not invasive and does not require the placement of electrodes. Unlike electroconvulsive therapy, rTMS isn't associated with seizures and does not require anesthesia.

Generally, rTMS has been well-tolerated and considered safe. There are some side effects.

Common side effects

Side effects can be mild to moderate, and usually disappear after a session. These may include:

· Headache

· Scalp discomfort near the stimulation site

· Tingling, spasms, and twitching of facial muscle muscles

· Lightheadedness

Your doctor will adjust the level of stimulation to reduce your symptoms. You may also be recommended to take over-the-counter pain medication before you go.

How do you prepare?

· Physical examination and possible lab tests or other tests

· To discuss your depression, please visit for a psychiatric evaluation

These evaluations ensure that rTMS remains safe and can be considered a viable option.

Talk to your doctor or mental healthcare provider if you:

· If you're currently pregnant or are considering becoming pregnant.

· Any metal or implanted medical device is allowed within your body. In some cases, patients with metal implants and devices may be able to have rTMS. Some people who have these devices are not advised to undergo rTMS because of the strong magnetic field that is generated during the procedure.

· Aneurysm clips and coils

· Stents

· Implanted stimulators

· Implanted vagus or deep brain stimulation

· Implanted electrical devices, such as pacemakers or medication pump

· Electrodes to monitor brain activity

· Cochlear implants to aid hearing

· Implants

· Bullet fragments

· Any other metal item or device implanted into your body

· Any medication, prescription or over-the-counter, herbal supplements, vitamins, or other supplements.

· If you have had seizures in the past or have a family history with epilepsy.

· You are suffering from other mental disorders such as substance abuse, bipolar disorder, psychosis, and so on.