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What is Tramadol
What is Tramadol
Tramadol is an opioid pain medication. It is available in the market with the brand name Ultram among others. It is also available in combination with acetaminophen (paracetamol) or as longer-acting formulations. On a dosage-to-dosage basis, it has about one-tenth of the potency of morphine and is equally potent to pethidine and codeine.
Tramadol is useful in relieving moderate to moderately severe pain. It helps manage severe pain enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate. It is also available in injection along with oral tablets/ capsules and liquid. There is moderate evidence of its use as a second-line treatment for fibromyalgia as a secondary painkiller.
Tramadol is a medicine that works in the brain to change how your body responds to pain and how your body feels. It starts its work of relieving the pain within an hour when you take the immediate-release formulation within an hour. Its painkilling effects last about 6 hours.
You should avoid using it if you are allergic to Tramadol or if you have:
Bowel or stomach obstruction (including paralytic ileus);
Asthma (severe) or breathing problems;
Used MAO inhibitors (include linezolid, methylene, isocarboxazid, blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, and tranylcypromine); or
Recently used sedatives, alcohol, narcotic medications, or tranquilizers
Do not give Tramadol to a child younger than 12 years old. In Ultram ER’s case, one should not give it to anyone younger than 18 years old. If someone younger than 18 years old and recently had surgery to remove tonsils or adenoids, then they must not take this medicine. Avoid giving Tramadol to children between 12-18 who have conditions that may cause breathing problems.
There are chances of seizures if you take this medicine without asking the doctor about your stroke risk, which may be higher if you ever had a head injury, epilepsy, or other seizure disorder.
The seizure risk due to this medicine is also higher if you use certain antidepressants, muscle relaxants, opioids, or other medications.
Your baby could become drug dependent if you use this drug during pregnancy. It can cause life withdrawal symptoms in the baby after its birth. Babies’ dependent on habit-forming medicine may need medical treatment for several months. Tell your doctor if you are expecting or plan to conceive. If you are breastfeeding, ask your doctor before taking Tramadol.
To ensure Tramadol is safe for you, tell the doctor if you ever had:
Sleep apnea
Breathing problem
Liver or kidney disease
Problem with gallbladder, pancreas, or thyroid
Urination problems
A stomach disorders
Mental illness (or suicide attempt)
Tramadol dosage
Tramadol dosage
This medicine is available in strengths of 50 mg, 100 mg/24 hours, 200 mg/24 hours, 300 mg/24 hours, 100 mg, 150 mg/24 hours.
Usual adult dosage for pain (17 years or older)
Usual adult dosage for pain (17 years or older)
50 to 100 mg orally every 4-6 hours
For the patients who do not require rapid onset of analgesic effect: initial dosage- 25 mg/day orally; titrate in 25 mg increments every three days to reach a dose of 25 mg four times a day; increase the quantity by 50 mg as tolerated every three days.
Maximum amount- 400 mg per day
ER: 18 Years or older (tramadol-naive)- 100 mg orally once a week
Individually titrate in 100 mg increments every five days to an effective dose.
Maximum dose- 300 mg/day
For patients currently receiving Tramadol IR: Calculate 24-hour IR requirement and begin with a total daily ER dosage rounded down to the next lowest 100 mg/day increment orally.
Conversion from other opioids:
100 mg/day ER orally
Individually titrate in 100 mg increments every five days to an effective dose
Maximum dose- 300 mg/day
Seek medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Tramadol. Allergic reaction include hives, difficult breathing, swelling in face or throat, or a severe skin reaction involving fever, sore throat, a red or purple skin rash that spreads and cause blistering and peeling, burning in your eyes and skin pain. Tramadol can slow your breathing, just like other narcotic medicines. Too much weakness in breathing may lead to death.
An attendant should give you naloxone or ask for medical help if you have slow breathing with long pauses, you are hard to wake up or have blue-colored lips. Call for medical help if you have:
Noisy breathing, shallow breathing
Sighing, sleep apnea
A slow heart rate
Weak pulse
A light-headed feeling
Seizures
Missed menstrual periods
Sexual problems, loss of interest in sex, impotence
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
Dizziness, worsening tiredness, or weakness
It may cause serotonin syndrome also. Agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, rapid heart rate, muscle stiffness, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea are symptoms of serotonin syndrome. Serious aftereffects are more likely to occur in older adults and those who are malnourished or overweight.
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