Theory

Theory of relativity：

The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity.Special relativity applies to elementary particles and their interactions, describing all their physical phenomena except gravity. General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature.It applies to the cosmological and astrophysical realm, including astronomy.

The theory transformed theoretical physics and astronomy during the 20th century, superseding a 200-year-old theory of mechanics created primarily by Isaac Newton.It introduced concepts including spacetime as a unified entity of space and time, relativity of simultaneity, kinematic and gravitational time dilation, and length contraction. In the field of physics, relativity improved the science of elementary particles and their fundamental interactions, along with ushering in the nuclear age. With relativity, cosmology and astrophysics predicted extraordinary astronomical phenomena such as neutron stars, black holes, and gravitational waves.

相信這麼長沒有人想看幫大家翻譯一下：

簡單來說就是，相對論是由愛因斯坦提出，分為狹義跟廣義相對論。狹義是講講了重力以外的物理現象，廣義則是解釋了引力定律及其與自然力的關係，它適用於宇宙學和天體物理學領域跟天文學。

該理論在20世紀改變了理論物理學和天文學，取代了主要由艾薩克·牛頓創建的200年曆史的力學理論。它引入了概念，包括空間作為空間和時間的統一實體，同時性，運動學和引力時間的相對性膨脹和長度收縮。在物理學領域，相對論改善了基本粒子的科學及其基本的相互作用，同時開啟了核時代。相對論，宇宙學和天體物理學預測了非凡的天文現象，如中子星，黑洞和引力波。