Thunder is the sound caused by a nearby flash of lightning and can be heard for a distance of only about 10 miles from the lightning strike. The sound of thunder should serve as a warning to anyone outside that they are within striking distance of the storm and need to get to a safe place immediately!
Thunder is created when lightning passes through the air. The lightning discharge heats the air rapidly and causes it to expand. The temperature of the air in the lightning channel may reach as high as 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit, 5 times hotter than the surface of the sun. Immediately after the flash, the air cools and contracts quickly. This rapid expansion and contraction creates the sound wave that we hear as thunder.
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Although a lightning discharge usually strikes just one spot on the ground, it travels many miles through the air. When you listen to thunder, you'll first hear the thunder created by that portion of the lightning channel that is nearest you. As you continue to listen, you'll hear the sound created from the portions of the channel farther and farther away. Typically, a sharp crack or click will indicate that the lightning channel passed nearby. If the thunder sounds more like a rumble, the lightning was at least several miles away. The loud boom that you sometimes hear is created by the main lightning channel as it reaches the ground.
Since you see lightning immediately and it takes the sound of thunder about 5 seconds to travel a mile, you can calculate the distance between you and the lightning. If you count the number of seconds between the flash of lightning and the sound of thunder, and then divide by 5, you'll get the distance in miles to the lightning: 5 seconds = 1 mile, 15 seconds = 3 miles, 0 seconds = very close.
Keep in mind that you should be in a safe place while counting. Remember, if you can hear thunder, chances are that you're within striking distance of the storm. You don't want to get struck by the next flash of lightning.
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Lightning is the most spectacular element of a thunderstorm. In fact it is how thunderstorms got their name. But wait a minute, what does thunder have to do with lightning? Well, lightning causes thunder.
Lightning is a discharge of electricity. A single stroke of lightning can heat the air around it to 30,000C (54,000F)! This extreme heating causes the air to expand explosively fast. The expansion creates a shock wave that turns into a booming sound wave, known as thunder.
As ice crystals high within a thunderstorm flow up and down in the turbulent air, they crash into each other. Small negatively charged particles called electrons are knocked off some ice crystals and added to other ice crystals as they crash past each other. This separates the positive (+) and negative (-) charges of the cloud. The top of the cloud becomes positively charged with particles called protons, while the base of the cloud becomes negatively charged.
The accumulation of electric charges must be great enough to overcome the insulating properties of the air. When this happens, a stream of negative charges pours down toward a high point where positive charges have clustered due to the pull of the thunderhead.
The connection is made and the protons rush up to meet the electrons. It is at this point that we see lightning and hear thunder. A bolt of lightning heats the air along its path causing it to expand rapidly. Thunder is the sound caused by the rapidly expanding air.
Cloud-to-cloud lightning is the most frequently occurring type of lightning flash. In these flashes, the lightning strike travels either within the cloud (intra-cloud or IC lightning), or from one cloud to a neighboring cloud. Cloud-to-cloud lightning is a danger to aircraft flying nearby. As such, planes will fly routes that try to avoid thunderstorms and the wind and lightning dangers they bring. Heat lightning is a type of cloud-to-cloud lightning whose illumination you can sometimes see from beyond the horizon, though the thunder from these flashes is too far away for you to hear.
Ball lightning is an unusual type of lightning that can also occur during thunderstorms. Ball, or globe lightning, can appear as a small, floating sphere that lasts a few seconds. Ball lightning is rare, but there have been enough occurrences that scientists agree that it is real and likely comes from a cloud-to-ground lightning strike that causes a reaction between oxygen in the air and elements in the ground.
If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, you can call (800) 621-3362, visit disasterassistance.gov or use the FEMA mobile app.
Strengthen Your Home
Cut down or trim trees that may be in danger of falling on your home. Consider buying surge protectors, lightning rods or a lightning protection system to protect your home, appliances and electronic devices.
Make an Emergency Plan
Create an emergency plan so that you and your family know what to do, where to go and what you will need to protect yourselves from the effects of a thunderstorm. Identify sturdy buildings close to where you live, work, study and play.
I agree that before SU7, thunder and lightning were exaggeratedly annoying, but I think, in balance is virtue. Nor does it make sense to suppress them altoged.
Hopefully in the next update it will implement lightning and thunder, in a logical way in areas with storms.
For a realistic thunderstorm simulation it takes more than just randomly adding lighting and thunder. The clouds have to match too. But as long as the weather model does not properly implement Cumulus or Cumulonimbus, I think having (almost) no lightnings at all is the better way to go.
Lightning is a leading cause of injury and death from weather-related hazards. Although most lightning victims survive, people struck by lightning often report a variety of long-term, debilitating symptoms.
I'm looking at a lightning and thunder effect in an opera. As per usual in opera sound cues don't form a great part of the set up; the singers are meant to make most of the sounds themselves. Getting a mac and Qlab pro and MSC / OSC for two thunderclaps seems over the top - but clearly they need to link in to the LX cues in ION. Is there any other way to simply link two sound cues to the LX cues in ION?
By counting the seconds between the time you see a flash to the time you hear thunder, you can figure out how far away the lightning struck. Sound travels one-fifth of a mile per second, so dividing the seconds by five will tell you how many miles away the storm is!
Other planets also have lightning, including Jupiter and Saturn. Scientist have seen bright flashes on Mars which they believe might be lightning too. Do you think Martians hide under their beds? Do Martians even have beds?
The race is on between thunder and lightning! Experience the first wooden racing/dueling coaster in the United States, Lightning Racer coaster. This double-track wooden roller coaster features two staggered lifts and a thrilling element of competition.
Can't wait to ride our most popular attractions, including Lightning Racer? Purchase a Fast Track online or inside Hersheypark at a Guest Services location upon arrival and skip the lines on select attractions. Quantities are limited and sold on a first-come-first-serve basis.
Lightning is a natural phenomenon formed by electrostatic discharges through the atmosphere between two electrically charged regions, either both in the atmosphere or one in the atmosphere and one on the ground, temporarily neutralizing these in a near-instantaneous release of an average of between 200 megajoules and 7 gigajoules of energy, depending on the type.[1][2][3] This discharge may produce a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, from heat created by the rapid movement of electrons, to brilliant flashes of visible light in the form of black-body radiation. Lightning causes thunder, a sound from the shock wave which develops as gases in the vicinity of the discharge experience a sudden increase in pressure. Lightning occurs commonly during thunderstorms as well as other types of energetic weather systems, but volcanic lightning can also occur during volcanic eruptions. Lightning is an atmospheric electrical phenomenon and contributes to the global atmospheric electrical circuit.
The three main kinds of lightning are distinguished by where they occur: either inside a single thundercloud (intra-cloud), between two clouds (cloud-to-cloud), or between a cloud and the ground (cloud-to-ground), in which case it is referred to as a lightning strike.[4][5] Many other observational variants are recognized, including "heat lightning", which can be seen from a great distance but not heard; dry lightning, which can cause forest fires; and ball lightning, which is rarely observed scientifically.
Humans have deified lightning for millennia. Idiomatic expressions derived from lightning, such as the English expression "bolt from the blue", are common across languages. At all times people have been fascinated by the sight and difference of lightning. The fear of lightning is called astraphobia.
The first known photograph of lightning is from 1847, by Thomas Martin Easterly.[6] The first surviving photograph is from 1882, by William Nicholson Jennings,[7] a photographer who spent half his life capturing pictures of lightning and proving its diversity.
There is growing evidence that lightning activity is increased by particulate emissions (a form of air pollution).[8][9][10] However, lightning may also improve air quality and clean greenhouse gases such as methane from the atmosphere, while creating nitrogen oxide and ozone at the same time.[11] Lightning is also the major cause of wildfire,[12] and wildfire can contribute to climate change as well.[13] More studies are warranted to clarify their relationship. 152ee80cbc
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