Publications

Research Articles:

1. Ram, F.; Höglund, M.; Liao, M.; Hallberg, T.; Jonsson, M. P.; Berglund, L. A.*; Shanker, R. Transparent Wood for Passive Radiative Cooling of Solar Absorbers, Nano Letters 2025, XX, XXXX-XXXX.

2. Ram, F.; Wang, J.; Esser-Kahn, A. P.* Energy-Efficient Preparation of Polymer Composite Materials via Electric Field-Assisted In Situ Polymerization. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2025, 7, 4700-4707.

3. Xu, X.; Garemark, J.; Ram, F.; Wang, Z.; Li, Y.* Metallic Wood through Deep-Cell-Wall Metallization: Synthesis and Applications. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2024, 16, 22433- 22442.

4. Li, L.; Tian, W.; Mohammadi, A. V.; Rostami, J.; Chen, B.; Matthews, K.; Ram, F.; Pettersson, T.; Wågberg, L.; Benselfelt, T.; Gogotsi, Y.; Berglund, L. A.;* Hamedi M. M.* Ultrastrong Ionotronic Films Showing Electrochemical Osmotic Actuation. Adv. Mater. 2023, 2301163.

5. Gao, Y.; Yang, X.; Garemark, J.; Olsson, R.; Dai, H.; Ram, F.*; Li, Y.* Gradience free nano insertion of Fe3O4 into wood for enhanced hydrovoltaic energy harvesting. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2023, 11, 11099-11109. 

6. Gao, Y.; Ram, F.; Chen, B.; Garemark, J.; Berglund, L.; Dai, H.*; Li, Y.* Scalable hierarchical wood/ZnO nanohybrids for efficient mechanical energy conversion. Mater. Des. 2023, 226, 111665. 

7. Gao, Y.; Chen, B.; da Costa, M. V. T.; Dai, H.; Ram, F.*; Li, Y.* ZnO microrods sandwiched between layered CNF matrix: Fabrication, stress transfer, and mechanical properties. Carbohydr. Polym. 2023, 305, 120536. 

8. Garemark, J.; Ram, F.; Liu, L.; Sapouna, I.; Cortes Ruiz, M. F.; Larsson, P. T.; Li, Y.* Advancing hydrovoltaic energy harvesting from wood through cell wall nanoengineering. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2023, 33, 2208933. 

9. Subbotina, E.*; Ram, F.; Dvinskikh, S. V.; Berglund, L. A.; Olsén, P.* Aqueous synthesis of highly functional, hydrophobic, and chemically recyclable cellulose nanomaterials through oxime ligation. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 6924.

10. Ram, F.*; Garemark, J.; Li, Y.; Pettersson, T.; Berglund, L. A. Functionalized wood veneers as vibration sensors: exploring wood piezoelectricity and hierarchical structure effects. ACS Nano 2022, 16, 15805-15813.  

11. Ram, F.*; Garemark, J.; Li, Y.*; Berglund, L. Scalable, efficient piezoelectric wood nanogenerators enabled by wood/ZnO nanocomposites. Composites, Part A 2022, 160, 07057. 

12. Kumar, P.; Ram, F.; Shanmuganathan, K.; Luwang, M. N.* CdS cubane type clusters encapsulated by rolling of single layer reduced graphene oxide sheets for enhanced mechanical energy harvesting. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 2022, 276, 115528. 

13. Ram, F.; Biswas, B.; Torris, A.; Kumaraswamy, G.*; Shanmuganathan, K.* Elastic piezoelectric aerogels from isotropic and directionally ice-templated cellulose nanocrystals: Comparison of structure and energy harvesting. Cellulose 2021, 28, 6323–6337. 

14. Ram, F.; Suresh, K.; Torris, A.; Kumaraswamy, G.*; Shanmuganathan, K.* Highly compressible ceramic/polymer aerogel-based piezoelectric nanogenerators with enhanced mechanical energy harvesting property. Ceram. Int. 2021, 47, 15750-15758. 

15. Maity, S.; Ram, F.; Dhar, B. B.* Phosphorous-doped graphitic material as a solid acid catalyst for microwave-assisted synthesis of β-ketoenamines and Baeyer–Villiger oxidation. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 5962-15972. 

16. Ram, F.; Velayutham, P.; Sahu, A. K.; Lele, A. K.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Enhancing thermomechanical and chemical stability of polymer electrolyte membranes using polydopamine coated nanocellulose. ACS Appl. Energy Mater 2020, 3, 1988–1999. 

17. Ram, F.; Gudadhe, A.; Vijayakanth, T.; Aherrao, S.; Borkar, V.; Boomishankar, R.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Nanocellulose reinforced flexible composite nanogenerators with enhanced vibrational energy harvesting and sensing properties. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2020, 2, 2550-2562. 

18. Vijayakanth, T.; Ram, F.; Praveenkumar, B.*; Shanmuganathan, K.*; Boomishankar, R.* Piezoelectric energy harvesting from a ferroelectric hybrid salt [Ph3MeP]4[Ni(NCS)6] embedded in a polymer matrix. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 10368-10373. 

19. Ram, F.; Kaviraj, P.; Pramanik, R.; Krishnan, A.; Shanmuganathan, K.; Arockiarajan, A.* PVDF/BaTiO3 films with nanocellulose impregnation: Investigation of structural, morphological and mechanical properties. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 823, 153701. 

20. Vijayakanth, T.; Ram, F.; Kulkarni, P.; Shanmuganathan, K.*; Praveenkumar, B.*; Boomishankar, R.* All-organic composites of ferro- and piezoelectric phosphonium salts for mechanical energy harvesting application. Chem. Mater. 2019, 31, 5967-5972. 

21. Ram, F.; Radhakrishnan, S.; Ambone, T.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Highly flexible mechanical energy harvester based on nylon 11 ferroelectric nanocomposites. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2019, 1, 1998-2005. 

22. Pramanik, R.; Ganivada, B.; Ram, F.; Shanmuganathan, K.; Arockiarajan, A.* Influence of nanocellulose on mechanics and morphology of polyvinyl alcohol xerogels. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 2019, 90, 275-283. 

23. Jagtap, S. B.; Patil, V. D.; Suresh, K.; Ram, F.; Mohan, M. S.; Rajput, S. S.; Patil, S.; Shukla, P. G.*; Shanmuganathan, K.* Functionalized carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposite microcapsules with enhanced stiffness. Colloids Surf., A 2018, 550, 82-89. 

24. Ram, F.; Ambone, T.; Sharma, A.; Murugesan, R.; Kajale, D.; Borkar, V.; Ali, S. F.; Balu, P. K.; Kumaraswamy, G.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Fluorinated nanocellulose-reinforced all-organic flexible ferroelectric nanocomposites for energy generation. J. Phys. Chem. C 2018, 122, 16540-16549. 

25.  Vijayakanth, T.; Srivastava, A. K.; Ram, F.; Kulkarni, P.; Shanmuganathan, K.*; Praveenkumar, B.*;  Boomishankar, R.* A flexible composite mechanical energy harvester from a ferroelectric organoamino phosphonium salt. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 130, 9192-9196. 

26. Rajput, B. S.; Ram, F.; Menon, S. K.; Shanmuganathan, K.; Chikkali, S. H.* Cross‐metathesis of biorenewable dioxalates and diols to film‐forming degradable polyoxalates. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1584-1592. 

27. Ram, F.; Pimpalkar, N. K.; Shete, A. P.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Solution-processed cellulose/melanin films and fibers. Green Mater. 2017, 5, 85-93. 

   Conference Paper:

1. Ram, F.,*  Berglund, L. Functionalized wood composites for mechanical energy harvesting and vibration sensing. In Composites Meet Sustainability- Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Composite Materials, ECCM20, EPFL- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, 2022, 801-806.   

Review Papers:

1. Dong, Y.; Huang, P.-; Ghimire, E.; Lindberg, C. A.; Ram, F.; Rowan, S. J.*; Esser-Kahn, A. P.* Mechanically Triggered Adaptive Materials MRS Bull. 2024, 49, 1127–1136.

2. Ram, F.*; Yadav, P.; Shanmuganathan, K.* Nanocellulose/melanin-based composites for energy, environment, and biological applications. J. Mater. Sci. 2022, 57, 14188-14216.

3. Ram, F.*; and Shanmuganathan, K.* Advanced Applications of Cellulose in Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Sensing. Trends Carbohydr. Res. 2021, 13, 84-99.

Book Chapters:

1.  Ram, F.; Shanmuganathan, K., 2022. Non-fluorinated piezoelectric polymers and their composites for energy harvesting applications. In Engineered Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting Applications (pp. 129-157). Elsevier.

2.   Ram, F.; Shanmuganathan, K., 2021. Nanocellulose-based materials and composites for fuel cells. In Nanocellulose Based Composites for Electronics (pp. 259-293). Elsevier.

Patents:

1.  Shanmuganathan, K.; Ram, F.; Lele, A. K.  A composition for fuel cell membranes and a process for the preparation thereof (PCT/IN2020/050470, WO2020240585A1, and US20220311037A1)

2.  Shanmuganthan, K.; Ram, F. Organic flexible ferroelectric polymer nanocomposites (PCT/IN2018/050271, WO2018198139A1 and US20200199341A1) (Granted)

3.  Chikkali, S.H.; Shanmuganathan, K.; Rajput, B.; Ram, F. An isohexide-dioxalate compound, its polymers and application thereof (PCT/IN2018/050457, WO2019012560A1, US20210147438A1)

4.  Shanmuganthan, K.; Pimpalkar, N. K.; Shete, A. P.; Ram, F. Process for preparing a homogeneous solution of a polymer and melanin (PCT/IN2017/050232, WO2017212500A1, US11109589B2) (Granted)