Superstition in Pakistan (Urdu:   ) is widespread and many adverse events are attributed to the supernatural effect.[1][2] Superstition is a belief in supernatural causality: that one event leads to the cause of another without any physical process linking the two events, such as astrology, omens, witchcraft, etc., that contradicts natural science.[3] In Pakistan, the Magical thinking pervades as many acts and events are attributed to supernatural and ritual, such as prayer, sacrifice, or the observance of a taboo are followed. Many believe that magic is effective psychologically as it has placebo effect to psychosomatic diseases. Scholars of Islam view superstition as shirk, denying the unity of God and against Sharia. Within Islam, shirk is an unforgivable crime; God may forgive any sins if one dies in that state except for committing shirk.[4][5] Sleeping on your right side and reciting the Ayat-ul-Kursi (Urdu:   ) of the Quran can protect person from the evil.

In Pakistan, mental illness and psychological problems are considered by some to be an encounter with Shaitan (Satan) (Urdu: ), evil jinns (Urdu: ) or demons who have taken over one's body and mind. It is also assumed that it is caused by the black magic performed by enemies and jealous persons. People, especially children and young girls, wear Ta'wiz (Amulet) (Urdu: ) to ward off evil eye. Spells, incantations and curses could also result in ghouls or churail (Urdu: ) haunting a person. Some homes and places are also believed to be haunted by evil ghosts (Bhoot) (Urdu: ), satanic or other supernatural beings and they could haunt people living there especially during the night. Muslim holy persons (Imams, Maulvis, Sufis, Mullahs, Faqirs) perform exorcism on individuals who are believed to be possessed. The homes, houses, buildings and grounds are blessed and consecrated by Mullahs or Imams by reciting Qur'an and Adhan (Urdu:  ), the Islamic call to prayer, recited by the muezzin.


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The penchant for faith healers and black magicians spans society, from the rich landlords of the rural areas to the urban classes of Lahore and Karachi.[6] The villagers of Rajanpur rural Punjab, call upon a Pir believed to be endowed with mystical powers that can purify contaminated water after severe floods.[7] Pakistanis from all walks of life routinely turn to faith healers to remedy various health problems, from Abdominal pain to Epilepsy, avert marriage meltdowns and financial crises and even fend off the powers of other healers.

There are grave-digging incidents in Karachi and cemeteries in different regions of Pakistan where bones are stolen from the graves.[8] The two suspects, who had been caught and arrested they denied involvement in digging up graves to steal human bones for use in black magic, which many believe is a booming business in the country, particularly in rural areas. Occult practices are believed to be widespread in Pakistan where religious beliefs, superstitions and illiteracy play a big role in everyday life. A recent grave-digging incident in Karachi has highlighted this.

Some of the popular superstitions in Pakistan includes: Black Cat crossing your path will bring bad luck so many people backtrack and take another path; Crow's cawing announce surprise arrival of guests; consuming dairy products with sea food will cause skin diseases; Itchy palms means you will have monetary gains; one could be possessed by evil if sitting/sleeping under trees are after dark; you sneeze because someone is thinking of you and if your left eye twitches then something bad will happen to you.[12]

This article offers a first survey of a novel genre of grimoires published in Urdu-reading India in the early twentieth century. It contained a wide selection of magic material from Islamicate and Tantric sources as well as Western parapsychology and spiritualism. Its applications ranged from remedies of last resort in illness, relationship troubles, and other life problems to common household cures and magical tricks performed for pleasure alone. Produced and read by members of all religious groups in North India, this material indicates important changes in popular attitudes towards magic. Magic by no means declined at the beginning of the twentieth century, but flourished as a viable commercial print genre that became increasingly detached from religion.

Boundaries and relationships between magic, science, and religion in Europe from antiquity through the Enlightenment. Explores global cultural exchange, distinctions across social, educational, gender, and religious lines, the rise of modern science, and changing assumptions about God, Nature, and humanity. Carries humanities divisional credit in CAS. Effective Fall 2018, this course fulfills a single unit in each of the following BU Hub areas: Historical Consciousness, Philosophical Inquiry and Life's Meanings, Critical Thinking.

I remember my time as Communications Supervisor, the most difficult communication to get results from is always at the factory-worker level. What works? Words, backed by real actions. In my career, I've seen very few examples of the Management sincerely working towards Creating Happiness at all levels - owing to the sheer number of people one has to make happy in one go. I strongly believe, organizations who give due importance to the workforce, who recognize the fighters on ground, the warriors in the battlefield, the runners crossing the finish lines everyday, the underdogs who put out solid work without expecting much... these are the organizations that create magic - because organizations that can Create Happiness, deliver Happiness!

Learning a new language offers many unique benefits for improving critical thinking skills. Language learning involves acquiring and processing a large amount of new information, which helps develop and strengthen your cognitive skills, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving. It exposes us to unique cultural viewpoints and perspectives, leading to more open-minded and empathetic thinking.

One of the primary benefits of learning a new language is the opportunity it provides to expose us to new cultural viewpoints and ways of thinking. This is because language and culture are deeply interconnected. The words and phrases we use, structure sentences, and even think about the world are all influenced by the language we speak. It can help you develop a more nuanced and sophisticated understanding of the world around you.

Learning a new language allows us to experience these cultural differences firsthand and to develop a greater appreciation for other ways of thinking. For example, learning Urdu will allow you to understand the cultural perspectives of a region with a rich history and diverse cultural traditions. Learning French will give you insight into the different perspectives of francophone cultures. And learning Spanish, spoken in many Hispanic countries, will help you gain a deeper understanding of the Hispanic world.

In addition to exposing us to new cultural viewpoints, learning a new language can also lead to more open-minded and empathetic thinking. By immersing ourselves in a new culture and language, we are forced to consider things from a different perspective and to understand the experiences and thoughts of others. This can help you become more understanding and accepting of others, leading to more empathetic thinking.

In addition to expanding our perspective, learning a new language also requires attention to detail, which can carry over into other areas of life. The cognitive demands of learning a new language, including grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, require focus and concentration. These skills are important for critical thinking because they allow us to analyze and evaluate information more effectively.

For example, in learning Urdu, you must pay attention to grammatical rules and sentence structure. This requires attention to detail, which can benefit critical thinking in other areas. In learning French, accurate pronunciation is crucial for effective communication. This attention to detail can help you to become more precise in your thinking and analysis. And in learning Spanish, mastering verb conjugations and sentence structure require a focus on detail that can improve your critical thinking ability.

In addition to these cognitive benefits, being detail-oriented can also have practical benefits for critical thinking. For example, in decision-making, paying attention to small details can often lead to finding the solution to the problem. Considering the small details can help us make more informed and well-thought-out decisions.

When you learn a new language, you need to analyze and understand the rules and structures of the language to use it correctly. This process of analysis and understanding can help you develop critical thinking skills, such as identifying patterns, analyzing data, and evaluating arguments. You develop a more analytical and logical approach to problem-solving.

If you were to take out Islamic theme from all the novels discussed above, ask yourself, would you still like those books simply because of the characters, their back stories, writing style or the plot? Because this is what a book should be judged on. This is what every book is judged on. Like Harry Potter. If you remove magic from Harry Potter, this series would still be great. I mean sure, when people first started the series they were awed by the magic, spells and Quidditch. But as more books came in, people stopped caring about what new spells Harry learned or what potions the trio brew, and started asking questions like: Who would Hermione end up with, Harry or Ron? Is Snape good or evil? Why is Umbridge such a meanie? All questions had nothing to do with magic. Nobody cared when Voldemort split his soul into seven horcruxes. But when Snape killed Dumbledore, everyone lost their minds. This is the beauty of literature, folks. The characters and their real life problems is what makes a story great. 17dc91bb1f

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