WordReference has two of its own dictionaries plus those of Collins. The French dictionary has over 250,000 translations and the Italian dictionary has nearly 200,000. These dictionaries continue to grow and improve as well. If you don't find what you are looking for in any of the dictionaries, search or ask in the forums.

Check your understanding of English words with definitions in your own language using Cambridge's corpus-informed translation dictionaries and the Password and Global dictionaries from K Dictionaries.


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a dictionary that translates words from one language to another, as a bilingual dictionary, or to several languages, as a multilingual dictionary. Bilingual dictionaries published as print books are often divided into two separate sections, one giving translations, for example, from French words to their English meanings and the other translating from English words to their French equivalents. Multilingual dictionaries tend to show translations into multiple languages across a two-page spread.

Is this the best way to normalize DB? But what is with phrases, I need also if someone enter word "dictionay" that this returns also "This dictionary is good" and translation for that. (I know this can find in first table with sql query, is that best way?)

I'm stuck and cant decide what is the best way to optimize it. These db have all together more than 15gb just text based translation, and around 100k daily req, so every ms worth. :)Any help will be appreciate, thx!

With separate table for each language, you'd need a large number of junction tables to cover all the possible translation combinations. On top of that, adding a new language would require adding more tables, rewriting the queries, client code etc.

Regarding the TRANSLATION table, I propose to also create a CHECK (WORD_ID1 < WORD_ID2) and create an index {WORD_ID2, WORD_ID1} (the opposite "direction" from the PK), and represent the both directions of the translation with only one row.

A dictionary is an aligned pair of documents that specifies a list of phrases or sentences and their corresponding translations. Use a dictionary in your training, when you want Translator to translate any instances of the source phrase or sentence, using the translation you provide in the dictionary. Dictionaries are sometimes called glossaries or term bases. You can think of the dictionary as a brute force "copy and replace" for all the terms you list. Furthermore, Microsoft Custom Translator service builds and makes use of its own general purpose dictionaries to improve the quality of its translation. However, a customer provided dictionary takes precedent and is searched first to look up words or sentences.

A phrase dictionary is case-sensitive. It's an exact find-and-replace operation. When you include a phrase dictionary in training your model, any word or phrase listed is translated in the way specified. The rest of the sentence is translated as usual. You can use a phrase dictionary to specify phrases that shouldn't be translated by providing the same untranslated phrase in the source and target files.

The neural phrase dictionary extends our dynamic dictionary and standard phrase dictionary features. Dynamic and phrase dictionaries allow you to customize the translation output by providing your own translations for specific terms or phrases. The dynamic dictionary feature is used with the Translator API while the neural phrase dictionary is enabled using Custom Translator. The neural phrase dictionary improves translation quality for sentences that include one or more term translations by letting the machine translation model adjust both the term and the context. This adjustment produces more fluent translations. At the same time, it preserves high-term translation accuracy.

A sentence dictionary is case-insensitive. The sentence dictionary allows you to specify an exact target translation for a source sentence. For a sentence dictionary match to occur, the entire submitted sentence must match the source dictionary entry. A source dictionary entry that ends with punctuation is ignored during the match. If only a portion of the sentence matches, the entry isn't matched. When a match is detected, the target entry of the sentence dictionary is returned.

You can train a model using only dictionary data. To do so, select only the dictionary document (or multiple dictionary documents) that you wish to include and select Create model. Since this training is dictionary-only, there's no minimum number of training sentences required. Your model typically completes training faster than a standard training. The resulting models use the Microsoft baseline models for translation with the addition of the dictionaries you add. You don't get a test report.

Custom Translator doesn't sentence align dictionary files, so it is important that there are an equal number of source and target phrases/sentences in your dictionary documents and that they are precisely aligned.

Dictionaries aren't a substitute for training a model using training data. For better results, we recommended letting the system learn from your training data. However, when sentences or compound nouns must be translated verbatim, use a phrase dictionary.

The phrase dictionary should be used sparingly. When a phrase within a sentence is replaced, the context of that sentence is lost or limited for translating the rest of the sentence. The result is that, while the phrase or word within the sentence is translated according to the provided dictionary, the overall translation quality of the sentence often suffers.

The phrase dictionary works well for compound nouns like product names ("Microsoft SQL Server"), proper names ("City of Hamburg"), or product features ("pivot table"). It doesn't work as well for verbs or adjectives because those words are typically highly contextual within the source or target language. The best practice is to avoid phrase dictionary entries for anything but compound nouns.

If you're using a phrase dictionary, capitalization and punctuation are important. Dictionary entries are case- and punctuation-sensitive. Custom Translator only matches words and phrases in the input sentence that use exactly the same capitalization and punctuation marks as specified in the source dictionary file. Also, translations reflect the capitalization and punctuation provided in the target dictionary file.

Your dictionary should contain unique source lines. If a source line (a word, phrase, or sentence) appears more than once in a dictionary file, the system always uses the last entry provided and return the target when a match is found.

The dynamic dictionary feature allows you to customize translations for specific terms or phrases. You define custom translations for your unique context, language, or specific needs. If you already know the translation you want to apply to a word or a phrase, you can supply it as markup within the request. The dynamic dictionary is safe only for compound nouns like proper names and product names.

Use the feature sparingly. A better way to customize translation is by using Custom Translator. Custom Translator makes full use of context and statistical probabilities. If you have or can create training data that shows your work or phrase in context, you get better results. You can find more information about Custom Translator at

A bilingual dictionary or translation dictionary is a specialized dictionary used to translate words or phrases from one language to another. Bilingual dictionaries can be unidirectional, meaning that they list the meanings of words of one language in another, or can be bidirectional, allowing translation to and from both languages. Bidirectional bilingual dictionaries usually consist of two sections, each listing words and phrases of one language alphabetically along with their translation. In addition to the translation, a bilingual dictionary usually indicates the part of speech, gender, verb type, declension model and other grammatical clues to help a non-native speaker use the word. Other features sometimes present in bilingual dictionaries are lists of phrases, usage and style guides, verb tables, maps and grammar references. In contrast to the bilingual dictionary, a monolingual dictionary defines words and phrases instead of translating them.

One substantial bilingual dictionary was the Mahvyutpatti. The Mahvyutpatti (Wylie: Bye-brtag-tu rtogs-par byed-pa chen-po), The Great Volume of Precise Understanding or Essential Etymology, was compiled in Tibet during the late eighth to early ninth centuries CE, providing a dictionary composed of thousands of Sanskrit and Tibetan terms designed as means to provide standardised Buddhist texts in Tibetan, and is included as part of the Tibetan Tangyur (Toh. 4346).

The most important challenge for practical and theoretical lexicographers is to define the functions of a bilingual dictionary. A bilingual dictionary works to help users translate texts from one language into another or to help users understand foreign-language texts.[1] In such situations users will require the dictionary to contain different types of data that have been specifically selected for the function in question. If the function is understanding foreign-language texts the dictionary will contain foreign-language entry words and native-language definitions, which have been written so that they can be understood by the intended user groups. If the dictionary is intended to help translate texts, it will need to include not only equivalents but also collocations and phrases translated into the relevant target language. It has also been shown that specialized translation dictionaries for learners should include data that help users translate difficult syntactical structures as well as language-specific genre conventions.[2]

Perhaps the most difficult aspect of creating a bilingual dictionary is the fact that lexemes or words cover more than one area of meaning, but these multiple meanings don't correspond to a single word in the target language. For example, in English, a ticket can provide entrance to a movie theater, authorize a bus or train ride, or can be given to you by a police officer for exceeding the posted speed limit. In Spanish these three meanings are not covered by one word as in English, but rather there are several options: boleto or entrada and infraccin/multa, and in French with billet or ticket and procs-verbal, or in German by Eintrittskarte or Fahrkarte and Mahnung/Bugeldbescheid. 2351a5e196

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