Case Study 1 – Exploring a Claim Cluster This case study shows how clustering techniques group related malpractice claims to reveal systemic risk patterns. The leading cluster, anchored by Case 1058 (“Failure to send skin sample to pathology, delayed diagnosis apocrine adenocarcinoma metastasis – death”), highlights recurring themes of delayed cancer diagnoses, investigation failures, and fatal procedural breakdowns. Using keyword (Tf‑Idf) text similarity and clinical coding concept analysis, the system identifies high‑severity claims linked by diagnostic lapses, metastasis, and treatment delays. The approach demonstrates how clustering can support risk management, underwriting focus, and forensic analysis of healthcare litigation trends.