Студенту

Lisа: In our life we have weekends and holidays. Of course, it’s more pleasant to speak about holidays than about workdays. But these workdays make up an essential part of life.

At 7.30 the alarm-clock wakes me up and my working day begins. Actually I’m not fond of getting up early, but I’m already used to it. I do my bed and go to the bathroom. There I brush my teeth and take a shower. At 8 o’clock I’m ready to have breakfast. Usually I have no time to cook my breakfast, so I just have a cup of tea and maybe a bowl of cereal.

I leave home at 8.20. My school is not far from house and it usually takes me 5 minutes to get there. My classes begin at 8.30 a.m. and finish at 3 p.m. At 11.20 I usually go to our school canteen and buy something to eat.

When my classes are finished I return home. Then I cook my dinner or warm it up. After hard work at school I feel like having a rest. After dinner I usually go out with my friends or go in for sports. Besides I have additional private lessons of drawing. Twice a week I go to the School of the Arts in order to pursue my dream to become a painter. Then I do my homework for the next school day. It takes me about 3 hours.

If I have 2 or 3 hours before going to sleep I watch TV, listen to the music, chat with some friends or help my mother to cook supper. When the supper is ready we gather in the dining room, eat and share the day news. After supper I sometimes play chess with my father and at about 11 o’clock I have a bath and go to bed.

Misha: I usually start my day with getting up and doing all things that everybody does in the morning: washing, having breakfast, etc. Also, I got used to gather my learning tools: pencils, exercise-books, text-books in the morning. Then I usually go to the university. Fortunately, father takes a car every morning and he often picks me up and drives me to the doors of our university building. And soon the lectures and lessons begin... We have from 2 to 4 lectures every time, depending on day. I like studying in the university more than in the school because in university it is mostly allowed to miss some lectures (of course, later you should take a summary from your mate and copy it). So, a student is much more free, than pupil is.

After the lessons I usually return home where I have dinner and start thinking about my ways of spending the rest of the day. Very often I go to my friend’s places. During the early autumn and summer I often go to the sports ground or on the beach. I also like visiting different sports events, for example, soccer matches of «Luch» in Russian championship. So, the world is full of enjoyable things to do.

On returning home I usually start doing my homework (perhaps, it is the most dull part of the day). Having finished it, I open a book and read it or watch TV. At last, I go to the bed. Of course, I would like to tell you more about myself and my working day, but, unfortunately, my time is rather limited and I have got a lot of homework to do. Generally, now you know about my working day enough.

alex:I am going to tell you about my working day. First of all let me introduce myself, I`m Leonid. I`m a pupil of 6th form. I study at school number 4 in Apatity.

Morning… I get up at seven o`clock. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. I glad to see my family at the kitchen. My parents love me and always suppose me. My house is my castle. We sit at the table and have our breakfast together. My family is the best. I love it. Every bird likes its own nest. My family likes different proverbs, and we use them in our everyday live. Sometimes we have some little problems in my family, but nobody knows about it. Don`t wash your dirty linen in public.

As usual we eat porridge and fruits. Most of all I prefer apples. Mum always says "An apple a day keeps the doctor away". After my breakfast I go to school. It is big and nice. I`m good at many subjects. I think "Knowledge is power`. Usually I have 5-6 lessons. Each lesson lasts 45 minutes. Of cause we have breaks between the lessons. But you know - business before pleasure. My favorite subject is Literature. I am fond of reading. Reading makes a full man. Also I am keen on sports. After my lessons I go to school gym. Richard Steele said "Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body".

Evening... As a good student I do my homework. At exactly 8 o`clock we have supper. And the same time my father comes back home. Punctuality is the politeness of kings. At the family table we eat and speak about our last day. I like such hours. East or West, home is best.

At 10 o`clock I go to bed. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

I hope you like my story, maybe it`s not interesting, but it is real day of my life.

Roman: On weekdays the alarm-clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. I'm not an early riser, that's why it's very difficult for me to get out of bed, especially in winter. I switch on my tape-recorder and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom, take a warm shower, clean my teeth and shave. After that I go to my bedroom to get dressed.

Usually my mother makes breakfast for me. But when she is away on business or just doesn't have to get up early, I make breakfast myself. While having breakfast, I listen to the latest news on the radio.

I leave the house at 7.30 and go to the nearest underground station. Last year I tried to enter Moscow University, but unfortunately I failed my entrance examinations. So I thought I should work somewhere. It wasn't easy to find a job, but I managed to get a position of a secretary in a small business company.

They agreed to take me because I had studied typewriting, computing and business organisation at school. And besides, I passed my English schoolleaving exam with an excellent mark.

It takes me an hour and a half to get to work. But I don't want to waste my time on the train. I've got a small cassette-player and I listen to different texts and dialogues. Sometimes I read a book and retell it silently. If I come across an interesting expression I try to memorise it. I also write some English words on flashcards and learn them.

I usually arrive at work at ten minutes to nine though my working day begins at 9 sharp. There are always some fax messages to translate from English into Russian. Sometimes my boss wants me to write a letter to our business partners abroad. There are also a lot of phone calls which I have to answer.

At 1 o'clock in the afternoon we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small cafe just round the corner. At 2 o'clock we come back to work. And we work hard till 5 o'clock. During the working day we also have several short coffee breaks. But sometimes we have no time for them.

I come home at about 7 o'clock in the evening. My parents are usually at home, waiting for me. We have dinner together. Then we sit in the living room, drink tea, watch TV or just talk. Occasionally I have to stay at work till 6 or even 7 o'clock in the evening. When we have a lot of things to do we go to work on Saturdays. So by the end of the week I get very tired. All I can do on Sundays is to sleep till eleven o'clock, watch television, listen to music and read something in English.

And still I always look forward to my next working day because I like my job. I think I get a lot of useful experience.

Polina: On week days I usually get up nearly six o'clock. I do not like to get up early, but I have to, because I have a lot of work to do during the day.

I make my bed, wash my face, put my clothes on and go to the kitchen to have breakfast. My mother usually prepares, breakfast for me, but sometimes I do it myself. If I prepare my breakfast for my own, I should have to get up earlier. I do not like big breakfasts; I prefer a cup of coffee and a sandwich.

Then I go to school. It is rather far from my house and I go there by bus. I have classes till two or three o'clock, it depends on a week day. Then I come home and have dinner. I like a big dinner, because when I come home from school I am hungry.

After my dinner, I have a rest for a couple of hours and then I do my homework. If I have some spare time I do some work about the house. I sweep the floor, dust the furniture and clean the carpets with the vacuum-cleaner. Sometimes my mother asks me to go shopping.

Then I have free time. I go for a walk with my friends or watch TV, or read books or play my favourite computer games. Then I have supper with my family. I like evenings very much, all members of our family get together after work and study and have the opportunity to talk and to discuss our family affairs.

I usually go to bed at about ten o'clock, sometimes at eleven o'clock.

ex.3 answer the questions

1. When do the persons usually get up on week days?

2. What do the speakers do when they have got up?

3. Do they like big breakfasts?

4. What do people do when they have some spare time?

5. When do the speakers usually go to bed?

ex.4 READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT about daily routine of the YOUNG BRITISh

TEXT: TALKING ABOUT YOUNG BRITISH…

There are some 8 million young people in Great Britain nowadays. These young people will represent Britain in the 21^st century that’s why almost every aspect of Government domestic policy, including education, housing, health, social security, law and order, environmental planning and national heritage, affects the well-being of young people.

Home and play

Home is the central focus of most young people’s lives, particularly those who are still attending school. In the younger age group from 10 to 16 children are strongly influenced by their friends, reasonably influenced by parents, partially influenced by teachers and altogether – by youth culture outside the home.In the 10 to 15 year-old age group, young people rely on the home environment as a place of safety and security and upon their parents as the main providers of money, food and all the necessary amenities of life. In the 16 to 19 year-old bracket, the family home also remains a strong base, even though at this age they spend increasing time staying away at their friends’ homes or going on holidays with friends rather than with family. Only a small percentage of young people in this age group live away from home. They are usually “boarders” in the independent schools (who are away from home during school terms).When they are not at school, some of them tend to spend their time organising or participating in leisure pursuit, including horse-riding, rock-climbing, cycling, canoeing, sailing or skiing.Parents do not always give their children a set amount of pocket money each week. Parents may provide their children with a weekly total to cover their travel by bus or train to school, to pay for their school dinner, adding money on top for this for weekend and leisure expenses.In order to earn their own supplementary money, young people wash cars or windows, do “paper rounds” (delivering the early morning newspapers before school) or mow lawns. For those aged 14 years and above, baby-sitting in the neighbourhood is the most popular means of earning money. At 15 years old and above, young people often find themselves “Saturday jobs” working as assistants in shops.

* Britain has 12 million people under the age of 16 – around 20% of the population.

* If you ask teenagers what they do on a day they enjoy, most say “going to the cinema”, followed by “seeing friends”. If you ask what they do on a day they don’t enjoy, watching TV is the top answer, 11-16-year-old actually watch 11 hours of TV a week!

* Internet fans might think British teenagers spend all their time online, but surprisingly under 10% of 15-16-year-olds have the Internet at home (just 1 in 13). However, this number is increasing all the time.

* 11-16-year-olds spend about £12 a week. Girls tend to spend £2 a week more than boys.

* In the past, pocket money was usually spent on sweets, but now teens are spending most of their money on mobile phone cards.

* If children are spending so much, that means some of them are working. It’s illegal to work if you are under 13, but it is quite common for 15-16-year-olds to have some kind of job. 2 million schoolchildren with part-time jobs are earning an average of £14 a week.

* The most common part-time job is babysitting, followed by newspaper rounds.

* 25% of under-19s are living with just one parent.

* About 100,000 young people run away from home every year, with up to 350 of them sleeping on the streets of London each night.

working day – рабочий день, будний день

workdays – будни

to make up – составлять, собирать

essential – основной

actually – на самом деле, фактически

bowl of cereal – миска каши

to go out – выйти прогуляться, пойти прогуляться

to go in for sports – заниматься спортом

to pursue a dream – осуществить мечту

chess – шахматы

EX. 1 READ AND LEARN THE FOLLOWING WORDS:

drug – лекарство

administer- назначать

exclusively- исключительно

externally- наружно

order- заказывать

anaesthetic- анестетик

prescribe- предписывать

abolish- снимать

volume- объем

kill- убивать

reference book- справочник

derive- происходить от

available- доступный

derivatives-производные

precaution- осторожность

liable- склонный

data sheet- вкладыш-инструкция

beforehand- заранее

Задания для студентов 2-го курса"Drugs" "At a chemist*s" Прочитать и перевести:

ex.2 Read and translate the text

DRUGS

The metric system is used exclusively when ordering and prescribing drugs. The metric unit of weight is the gram and this is divided into thousandths called milligrams .

The unit of volume is the liter which is subdivided into thousandths called milliliters. A liter is equivalent to just under two pints. The standard medicine teaspoon holds 5 ml.

Various reference books are available to help practitioners keep up to date with new drugs, the trade names of drugs, dosages and precautions with particular drugs. Manufacturers are also legally required to provide data sheets for all new drugs, giving full details of usage.

Drugs may be administered externally or internally.

Drugs are classified into groups which have a specific action, such as antibacterial drugs, which are used for the treatment of infections, or local anesthetics, which abolish pain. Some drugs belong to more than one group. For example, lignocaine, which is local and surface anesthetic. Let's take antibacterial drugs as an example.

They are administered internally to kill bacteria.

Antibiotics are drugs originally derived from microorganisms: for example, penicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Many people are allergic to penicillin and its derivatives. If such people are given any of these drugs they are liable to develop a dangerous reaction. Patients must always be asked beforehand if they are allergic to penicillin or any other drugs.

EX.3. FIND IN THE TEXT ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS FOR THE FOLLOWING WORDS COMBINATIONS:

1.метрическая система 2.делённые на тысячные доли 3.стандартная чайная ложка содержит 5 мл 4.торговый знак 5.в соответствии с законом 6.представляя детальное предписание по употреблению 7.внутреннее или наружное применение 8.классифицироваться по группам 9.местное обезболивающее 10.получаемые из микроорганизмов 11.быть аллергенным 12.опросить заранее

EX.4.QUOTE THE SENTENCES IN WHICH THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS ARE USED IN THE TEXT:

Exclusively, unit of weight, to be subdivided into, to hold, particular drugs, to be required, to be administered, a specific action, to belong to, derived from, derivative, a dangerous reaction, to be allergic to.

EX.5. ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS:

What system is used when ordering and prescribing drugs?

What is the metric unit of weight?

What units of volume do you know?

Why are reference books useful to practitioners?

Who are legally required to provide full details of new drugs usage?

How are drugs administered?

What groups are drugs classified into?

Do drugs belong only to one group?

What is the aim of administering antibacterial drugs?

What are antibiotics originally derived from?

What reaction can develop if the people are allergic to some drugs?

EX.6.INSERT ARTICLES WHERE NECESSARY:

When drugs are administered to some patients … severe adverse reaction, such as collapse, may occur. This may be caused by … allergy to … drug administered, e.g. penicillin, or interaction with another drug which

EX.7.INSERT PREPOSITIONS WHERE NECESSARY:

EX.8.MAKE UP TEN QUESTIONS BASED ON THE TEXT AND ANSWER THEM. WORK IN PAIRS.

EX.9.GIVE A SUMMARY OF THE TEXT “DRUGS”

EX.10.TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH

Для взвешивания лекарственных средств применяется исключительно метрическая система мер.

Различные справочники помогают врачу ориентироваться в многочисленных новых препаратах, которые поступают на рынок лекарственных средств.

Существуют различные пути классификации лекарственных препаратов.

Ряд лекарств можно отнести к нескольким группам одновременно.

Производители препаратов должны обязательно указывать срок годности лекарств.

Многие люди аллергены к антибиотикам.

Пациента обязательно следует спросить об аллергической реакции на препарат данной группы.

EX.11. READ THE TEXT AND TRANSLATE IT USING A DICTIONARY. SAY A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE PRECAUTIONS IN STORING DRUGS.

CARE OF DRUGS

There are strict legal requirements for the purchase, storage, use, indentification, dispensing and prescriptions of drugs.

Many drugs are poisonous if taken accidentally or in excess; others are caustic and may cause painful burns. Some common precautions in strong drugs are to keep them well away from food and drinks; keep poisons locked up in a special poisons cabinet; and to keep caustics on the lowest shelf where accidental spillage cannot affect the eyes or burns the face.

Stocks of drugs must be stored in accordance with manufactures instructions and not kept beyond their expiry date. Records of their purchase, supply and expiry date should be discarded, together with any solutions which have become discoloured or cloudy.

Certain drugs, such as adrenaline, halothane and hydrogen peroxide must be stored in dark bottles are ribbed to indicate by touch that their contents are dangerous.

EX. 1 READ AND LEARN THE FOLLOWING WORDS:

аптека – pharmacy

отдел ручной продажи – chemist's department

провизор, фармацевт – pharmacist

рецепт – prescription

рецептурный отдел – prescription department

отпускать лекарство – to dispense drugs

побочное действие лекарственного средства – adverse effect of a drug

терапевтическое действие лекарственного средства – therapeutic action of a drug

лекарственное средство для внутреннего (наружного) применения – drug for internal use

принимать лекарство – to take a drug

каждый час – every hour

натощак – on an empty stomach

перед едой – before meals

после еды – after meals

по одной столовой ложке 2 раза в день – a tablespoonful twice a day

капли – drops

накапать семь капель – to drop seven drops

мазь – ointment

намазать мазь – to put the ointment on

микстура – mixture

встряхнуть бутылку с микстурой перед использованием – to shake the bottle with the mixture before use

настойка – tincture

принять 10 капель настойки – to take ten drops of the tincture

отвар – decoction

давать отвар 3 раза в день после еды – to give decoction three times a day after meal

пилюля – pill

обезболивающая пилюля – pain-relieving pill

порошок - powder

сложный порошок – compound powder

присыпка – dust, powder

раствор – solution

давать раствор в соответствии с предписанием врача – to give solution according to the doctor's instruction

свеча – suppository

применять свечи – to use suppositories

таблетка – tablet

полтаблетки – a halt tablet

принимать таблетки 3 раза в день – to take tablets three times a day

таблетка, покрытая оболочкой – coated tablet

растирать лекарство в порошок – to powder drug

EX.2. Read and translate the text:

On receiving a prescription from a doctor we need medicines which are usially ordered or bought at the a chemist’s.

There are two departments in a large chemist’s: the chemist’s department and the prescrition department. At the chemist’s department one can have the medicine immediately, other drugs have to be ordered at the prescription department.

At the chemist’s all drugs are kept in drug cabinets. Every small bottle, a tube or a box of medicine has a label on it. There are labels of three colors. White labels indicate drugs for internal use yellow ones indicate drugs for external use and blue ones indicate drugs injections. The dose to be taken and directions for administration are also indicated on a label. Indicating the dose and the name of any medicine is necessary for chemist, nurses, doctors and patients themselves. It prevents confusing different remedies because some of them are poisonous. Their overdosage may couse unfavorable reactions.

At a chemist’s one can by different drugs for intramuscular and intravenous injections, for oral administration and for external use.

Прочитайте ответы мальчика и закончите вопросы зубного врача:

Dentist: Do you……?

Boy: No, I don't rinse my mouth after each meal.

Doctor: How often do you……?

Boy: I examine my teeth once a year.

Doctor: Are you…….?

Вoy: Yes, I am very much afraid of going to the dentist.

Doctor: Do you……?

Boy: Yes, I do. I crack nuts with my teeth.

Чтение юмористических текстов, содержащих тематическую лексику

Laughter is the Best Medicine.

The nurse bathed the twins. Later she heard the twins laughing in bed. She said:

« What are you, children, laughing at? »

« Oh, nothing» said Edna. « Only you have bathed Edith twice and didn’t bath me at all. »

Teacher: Nick, why didn’t you comb your hair at home?

Nick: No comb, miss.

Teacher: Couldn’t you take your father's comb?

Nick: No hair, miss.

One day a mother gave her son a new bicycle (велосипед).The boy took the bicycle and went into the yard. His mother went into the yard too and looked at her son with a smile. On his first round he cried : « Look, Ma, no hands.» On his second round he cried: « Look, Ma, no feet ». On his third round he cried: « Look, Ma, no teeth».

Doctor: Show me your tongue, little Ann.

Ann: No, I shan’t. My mother always punishes me when I show my tongue to my sister at home.

Mother: Nelly, did you wash your hands before dinner?

Nelly: Yes, Mummy, you can see it if you look at the towel.

Студенты просматривают видеоролики с шутками на английском языке, переводят их, наслаждаясь юмористическим содержанием. Занятие завершается на позитивной волне.

слова англ уч.mp4

Уход за зубами.mp4

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