Source: Niklas Halle'n/AFP
花 5 分鐘快速理解相關觀念| Let's Take a Quick Glance at the Relevant Concepts Of SDGs 5
SDGs 5 Goal|實現性別平等,並賦予婦女權力
Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls
Source: UNESCO l 聯合國教科文組織
SDGs 5 包含了哪些細項目標? What Targets and Indicators are Included in SDGs 5?
細項目標 Target
5.1 終結所有對婦女和女童的各種形式歧視。
End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere.
指標 Indicator
5.1.1 檢視是否制定了法律框架來促進、執行和監督基於性別的平等和非歧視。
Whether or not legal frameworks are in place to promote, enforce and monitor equality and non‑discrimination on the basis of sex.
細項目標 Target
5.2 消除在公共和私人領域對女性的各種形式的暴力,包括人口走私、性剝削及其他形式的剝削。
Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
指標 Indicator
5.2.1 按照暴力形式和年齡劃分,減少在過去 12 個月內遭受現任或前任親密伴侶身體、性或心理暴力的 15 歲及以上有過伴侶的婦女和女孩的比例。
Proportion of ever-partnered women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to physical, sexual or psychological violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by form of violence and by age.
5.2.2 按照年齡和發生地點劃分,減少 15 歲及以上婦女和女童在過去 12 個月內遭受親密伴侶以外的人性暴力的比例。
Proportion of women and girls aged 15 years and older subjected to sexual violence by persons other than an intimate partner in the previous 12 months, by age and place of occurrence.
細項目標 Target
5.3 消除各種有害的習俗,例如童婚、未成年結婚、強迫結婚,以及女性割禮。
Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
指標 Indicator
5.3.1 降低20-24 歲女性在 15 歲和 18 歲之前結婚或同居的比例。
Proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 and before age 18.
5.3.2 按照年齡劃分,降低 15-49 歲女孩和婦女遭受女性生殖器殘割/切割的比例。
Proportion of girls and women aged 15-49 years who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting, by age.
細項目標 Target
5.4 透過提供公共服務、基礎建設與社會保護政策,認可並重視無償的照護和家務工作,並依各國國情,推動家人應共同分擔家事責任。
Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate.
指標 Indicator
5.4.1 按照性別、年齡和地點劃分,各國提升花在無酬家務和護理工作上的時間比例。
Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex, age and location.
細項目標 Target
5.5 確保婦女能充分、有效地參與政治、經濟、公共決策,並在各層級都享有參與決策領導的平等機會。
Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life.
指標 Indicator
5.5.1 確保婦女在 (a) 國家議會和 (b) 地方政府中所佔席位的比例。
Proportion of seats held by women in (a) national parliaments and (b) local governments.
5.5.2 確保擔任管理職位的女性比例。
Proportion of women in managerial positions.
細項目標 Target
5.6 根據國際人口與發展會議(ICPD)行動計畫、北京行動平台,及其檢討成果書,確保人民普遍享有性、生育健康與生育權利。
Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences.
指標 Indicator
5.6.1 促進15-49 歲女性在發生性關係、避孕藥具使用和生殖保健方面做出自己知情決定的比例。
Proportion of women aged 15-49 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care.
5.6.2 制定法律和法規保證 15 歲及以上女性和男性充分、平等地獲得性健康和生殖健康保健訊息和教育的國家數量。
Number of countries with laws and regulations that guarantee full and equal access to women and men aged 15 years and older to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education.
細項目標 Target
5.a 根據國家法律進行改革,賦予婦女平等的經濟資源權利,以及獲得土地與其他形式的財產、金融服務、繼承與自然資源的所有權與掌控權。
Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws.
指標 Indicator
5.a.1 (a) 按照性別劃分,增加擁有農業土地所有權或有保障權利的農業總人口比例; (b) 按照保有權類型劃分,增加婦女在農業土地所有者或權利享有者中所佔的比例。
(a) Proportion of total agricultural population with ownership or secure rights over agricultural land, by sex; and (b) share of women among owners or rights-bearers of agricultural land, by type of tenure.
5.a.2 架設法律框架(包括習俗法)保障婦女對土地所有權和/或控制權的平等權利的國家比例。
Proportion of countries where the legal framework (including customary law) guarantees women’s equal rights to land ownership and/or control.
細項目標 Target
5.b 加強科技使用能力,特別是資訊與通訊技術(ICT),以提升婦女權力。
Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women.
指標 Indicator
5.b.1 按照性別劃分,增加擁有手機的個人比例。
Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone, by sex.
細項目標 Target
5.c 採用及強化完善的政策與可執行的立法,以促進兩性平等,並提升各個階層女性的權力。
Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels.
指標 Indicator
5.c.1 增加有追蹤性的性別平等系統和婦女賦權公共撥款系統的國家比例。
Proportion of countries with systems to track and make public allocations for gender equality and women’s empowerment.
SDGs 5 實際案例| Case Study of SDGs 5
#1 Teresa Kachindamoto —阻止童婚的代扎女酋長
在馬拉威,女性平均每人都會生下5-6個孩子,平均壽命短且高生育率的背後就代表著,幾乎一半的女性在未成年之前就成為了母親。 Theresa是五個孩子的母親因為能力出眾,在2003年,她回到了家鄉代扎,提倡廢除「性啟蒙」儀式並廢止童婚。
在6個月裡,她總共廢除了330個童婚案例,其中有175名女孩,155名男孩。 在Theresa頗有手段的努力下,現在在代扎,童婚基本上不再發生,適齡的孩子們也都在學校上課。同時,Theresa也提倡女性受教權的重要性,她認為在馬拉威女性也應該要有受教的權利。
不過Theresa也希望,在未來,不只代扎,而是整個馬拉威都能達到廢止童婚、教育性別平等的目標。
In Malawi, the average woman gives birth to 5-6 children, and the short life expectancy and high fertility rate means that almost half of the women become mothers before they reach adulthood. Theresa, a mother of five, returned to her hometown of Dedza in 2003 because of her ability. In 2003, she returned to her hometown of Dedza to advocate for the abolition of "sexual initiation" ceremonies and child marriage.
In six months, she annulled a total of 330 child marriages, 175 girls and 155 boys. Thanks to Theresa's resourceful efforts, child marriages are now virtually non-existent in Dedza, and children of school age are attending school.
Theresa also advocates for the importance of women's right to be educated in Malawi, and believes that women in Malawi should also have the right to education.
Theresa also hopes that in the future, not only Dedza, but Malawi as a whole, will reach the goal of abolishing child marriage and educating for gender equality.
Source: Starfish Foundation
#2 Freedom Cups 改變偏遠地區女性對健康生理知識的認知
Freedom Cups 開創女性用品公司,提供「助己又助人」的月經杯。
只要消費者購買一個月經杯,Freedom Cups 就會送出一個給無力負擔衛生用品的女性。此外,Freedom Cups 也會定期前往月經知識不足的地區,倡導面對月經問題的正確方式。
Freedom Cups 設計的月經杯,外觀像是一個鈴鐺,能夠如衛生棉條般置放於女性的子宮頸外處,每次可以盛接至多 12 小時的經血,用畢後皆能清洗再重複使用。
其中一名創辦人表示:「Freedom Cups 讓有能力負擔衛生用品的女性減少不必要的垃圾浪費,同時也提供衛生用品給那些無力負擔的女性。」
儘管 Freedom Cups 的商品與服務已橫跨整個亞洲,但對於他們來說,這項工作才剛起步而已,他們希望能接觸更多有需求的婦女。「我們最大的滿足就是看見那些地區因為我們的幫助,而有了些微的改變。」
Freedom Cups is a pioneering women's products company that offers menstrual cups that "help yourself and others". When a consumer purchases a menstrual cup, Freedom Cups will give one to a woman who cannot afford hygiene products. In addition, Freedom Cups regularly travels to areas where menstrual awareness is low to advocate for the proper way to deal with menstrual issues.
Freedom Cups' menstrual cups, which look like bells and can be placed outside a woman's cervix like a tampon, can hold up to 12 hours of menstrual blood at a time, and can be rinsed and reused after each use. One of the founders says, "Freedom Cups allows women who can afford sanitary products to reduce unnecessary waste, while also providing sanitary products to those who can't afford them.''
Although Freedom Cups' products and services are already available throughout Asia, they are just beginning their work and hope to reach more women in need. "Our greatest satisfaction is to see the small changes in those areas that we have helped to create.''