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Drug abuse is a significant issue among university students in South Africa. The substances most commonly abused include alcohol, cannabis, methamphetamine ("tik"), and prescription drugs. Research shows that 60% of students consume alcohol, with 30% participating in binge drinking (Peltzer et al., 2019). The use of cannabis is widespread, which can be attributed to its decriminalization and cultural acceptance (SACENDU, 2023). Moreover, there's an increasing trend in the abuse of methamphetamine and Nyaope (a low-cost heroin mix), particularly in universities situated near high-risk communities (SACENDU, 2023).
A number of things can lead someone to abuse drugs. These include the pressure of school, money worries, and mental health problems like depression and anxiety. Hanging out with certain crowds can also play a role (SADAG, 2021). Research done at the University of Johannesburg in 2020 discovered that one in four students turned to drugs to handle stress. Also, the way society is set up can make it seem normal to misuse substances.
There are many factors that can push someone towards drug abuse. Stress from school, financial struggles, and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety can all contribute. Spending time with certain groups of people can also have an influence (SADAG, 2021). A study conducted at the University of Johannesburg in 2020 found that one in every four students used drugs as a way to cope with stress. Additionally, societal norms and structures can sometimes make substance abuse seem acceptable. Drug abuse can really mess up someone's life. It can lead to worse grades in school, with students more likely to drop out. Of course, there's also the risk of getting hooked on drugs. Plus, people using drugs are more likely to take dangerous risks, like having unsafe sex or getting mixed up in crime (UNODC, 2021). Down the road, things can get even worse, with mental health problems developing and a harder time finding and keeping a job (WHO, 2020). Universities like UCT and Stellenbosch have already rolled out counseling services and awareness campaigns. that said, there are still shortcomings when it comes to putting these measures into action and getting the necessary funds (Higher Health, 2022). specialists suggest that having stricter rules on campus, improved mental health assistance, and prevention initiatives that involve the community could help make drugs less readily available (SACENDU, 2023).
Higher Health .2022. Substance abuse in South African universities. Pretoria: Higher Health.
SACENDU (South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use). 2023. Monitoring alcohol, tobacco and other drug abuse trends in South Africa (July 1996 - December 2022). SACENDU Research Brief, 26(1). Cape Town: SACENDU.
SADAG (South African Depression and Anxiety Group) .2021. Student mental health survey 2021. Johannesburg: SADAG.
Peltzer, K., Pengpid, S. & Apidechkul, T. 2019.'Alcohol use and associated factors among university students in South Africa', Journal of Psychology in Africa, 29(1), pp. 56-60
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) .2021. World drug report 2021. Vienna: UNODC.
WHO (World Health Organization) .2020. Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Geneva: WHO.