Molecular Biology, ZOOA-CC1-2-TH

Unit 1: Nucleic Acids 

Salient features of DNA, Chargaff’s Rule, Hypo and Hyperchromic shift. Watson and Crick, Model of DNA. RNA types & Function.

Unit 6: Gene Regulation 

Regulation of Transcription in eukaryotes: Activators, enhancers, silencer, repressors, miRNA mediated gene silencing. Epigenetic Regulation: DNA Methylation, Histone Methylation & Acetylation.

Unit 8: Molecular Techniques 

Western and Southern blot, Northern Blot.

Molecular Biology Lab, ZOOA-CC-1-2-P

Isolation and quantification of genomic DNA from goat liver.

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis.

Cell Biology, ZOOA-CC2-4-TH

Unit 1: Plasma Membrane 

Ultra-structure and composition of Plasma membrane: Fluid mosaic model, Transport across membrane - Active and Passive transport, Facilitated transport, Cell junctions: Tight junctions, Gap junctions, Desmosomes.

Unit 7: Cell Signalling 

Cell signalling transduction pathways; Types of signalling molecules and receptors (Classification and Example only): RTK & JAK/STAT. Apoptosis.

Cell Biology Lab, ZOOA-CC-2-4-P

Preparation of permanent slide to demonstrate:

a. DNA by Feulgen reaction.

b. Cell viability study by Trypan Blue staining.

Animal Physiology: Controlling and Co-ordinating System, ZOOA-CC3-6-TH

Unit 2: Bone and Cartilage 

Structure and types of bones and cartilages, Ossification

Animal Physiology: Controlling and Co-ordinating System Lab, ZOOA-CC3-6-P

Microtomy: Preparation of permanent slide of any five mammalian (Goat/white rat) tissues

Fundamentals of Biochemistry, ZOOA-CC3-7-TH

Unit 2: Lipids 

Structure and Significance: Physiologically important saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, Triacylglycerols, Phospholipids, Sphingolipid, Glycolipids, Steroids, Eicosanoids and terpinoids. Lipid metabolism: β-oxidation of fatty acids - a. Palmitic acid {saturated (C 16:0)}, b. Linoleic acid {unsaturated (C 18:2)}; Fatty acid biosynthesis.

Unit 3: Proteins 

Protein metabolism: Transamination, Deamination, Urea cycle, Fate of C-skeleton of Glucogenic and Ketogenic amino acids.

Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates, ZOOA-CC4-8-TH

Unit 4: Circulatory System 

General plan of circulation, Comparative account of heart and aortic arches.

Animal Physiology: Life Sustaining Systems, ZOOA-CC4-9-TH

Unit 3: Physiology of Circulation 

Structure and functions of haemoglobin; Blood clotting system; Haematopoiesis; Basic steps and

its regulation; Blood groups; ABO and Rh factor.

Immunology, ZOOA-CC4-10-TH

Unit 6: Cytokines 

Types, properties and functions of cytokines.

Unit 7: Complement System 

Components and pathways of complement activation.

Immunology Lab, ZOOA-CC4-10-P

1. Demonstration of lymphoid organs (by picture).

2. Histological study of Bursa fabricius, spleen, thymus and lymph nodes through slides/photographs.

Principle of Genetics, ZOOA-CC5-12-TH

Unit 1: Mendelian Genetics and its Extension 

Principles of inheritance, Incomplete dominance and co-dominance, Epistasis, Multiple alleles, Isoallele (White eye mutations), Pseudoallele (Lozenge Locus) & Cis-trans test for allelism, Lethal alleles, Pleiotropy, Penetrance & Expressivity.

Unit 5: Extra-chromosomal Inheritance 

Kappa particle in Paramoecium, Shell spiralling in snail.

Unit 6: Genetic Fine Structure 

Complementation test in Bacteriophage (Benzer’s experiment on rII locus).

Principle of Genetics Lab, ZOOA-CC5-12-P

1. Chi-square analyses for genetic ratio test

DSE1. Endocrinology, ZOOA-DSE(B)-5-1-TH

Unit 3: Peripheral Endocrine Glands 

Structure, Hormones and Functions of Thyroid gland, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Ovary and Testis. Disorders of endocrine glands (Diabetes mellitus type I & Type II; Graves’ Disease).

DSE1. Endocrinology Lab, ZOOA-DSE(B)-5-1-P

1. Dissect and display of Endocrine glands in laboratory bred rat.

2. Study of the permanent slides of all the endocrine glands

3. Tissue fixation, embedding in paraffin, microtomy and slide preparation of any endocrine gland.

4. H-E staining of Histological slides.

DSE2. Animal Biotechnology, ZOOA-DSE(A)-6-2-TH

Unit 3: Genetically Modified Organisms 

Production of cloned and transgenic animals: Nuclear Transplantation, Retroviral Method, DNA microinjection. Applications of transgenic animals: Production of pharmaceuticals, production of donor organs, knock-out mice.

Unit 4: Culture Techniques and Applications

Animal cell culture, Expressing cloned genes in mammalian cells, Molecular diagnosis of genetic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anaemia, Thalassemia). Dolly &Polly cloning. Genetically modified economically important animal. Gene Therapy

DSE2. Animal Biotechnology Lab, ZOOA-DSE(A)-6-2-P

1. Genomic DNA isolation from E. coli and Plasmid DNA isolation (pUC 18/19) from E. coli.

2. Project report on animal cloning & Application & ethical Issues.

NEP Curriculum for Zoology, C.U.

PART I: SEMESTER 1

CORE COURSE-1: Cell Biology

Major/Minor/MDC: CC1-TH

Unit 1: Plasma Membrane

Structure of the Plasma Membrane: Lipid Bilayer (Phospholipids and Cholesterol), Peripheral and Integral Membrane proteins, Glycolipids and Glycoproteins (basic concept of Glycocalyx), Fluid Mosaic Model with special reference to Lipid rafts, Mobility of membrane lipids (FRAP assay) and Mobility of Membrane Proteins (Frye-Edidin Experiment); Cell-cell junctions; Transport through plasma membrane.

Unit 7: Cell Signalling

Signalling system: Modes of cell-cell signalling; Types of Signalling molecules Signalling receptors: Types and example with special reference to regulation of G protein, Adenyl cyclase-cAMP, Enzyme linked Receptors: RTK (ras-raf) and JAK/STAT

Unit 8: Tools and Techniques in Cell Biology

Animal Cell Culture: Primary cell culture and Cell line.