According to a new study by Straits Research, the Global Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) Market was valued at USD 6,691.7 million in 2024 and is projected to expand from USD 7,106.59 million in 2025 to USD 11,498.93 million by 2033, registering a CAGR of 6.2% (2025–2033).

A tunnel boring machine (TBM)—also known as a tunnel drilling machine, tunnel digging machine, or horizontal boring machine—is advanced equipment designed to excavate tunnels in soft soil, hard rock, or mixed geological conditions. They are widely deployed in metro rail construction, road transport, mining, water supply, oil & gas pipelines, and utility projects.

With rising demand for urban transportation systems and underground infrastructure, TBMs are now essential for high-speed metro projects, channel tunnel construction, and long-distance rail networks. Countries such as India, China, Japan, Germany, and the U.S. are leading adopters of tunnel boring machines.

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Market Drivers & Opportunities

• Metro Rail & Highway Development: Growing adoption of TBM machines in India’s metro rail projects, Europe’s channel tunnel expansions, and U.S. road tunneling activities is a primary growth driver.

• Micro Tunnel Boring Machines: Demand for micro tunnel boring machines (MTBM) is rising for small-diameter tunnels in water supply, wastewater, and sewer systems. Cities in Canada, Mexico, and Japan are investing heavily in these machines to overcome space constraints.

• Cost & Speed Efficiency: Although the tunnel boring machine cost remains high compared to drill-and-blast techniques, TBMs offer superior speed, safety, and long-term cost efficiency, reducing project timelines significantly.

• Technology Integration: TBMs are now equipped with automation, real-time monitoring, wireless communication, and advanced cutterhead designs, making tunneling safer and more efficient.

Regional Highlights

• Asia-Pacific: Expected to remain the most lucrative region, growing at a CAGR of 6.7%, driven by India’s metro expansion projects, China’s high-speed rail tunnels, and Southeast Asia’s rising investments in underground transport.

• Europe: Growth supported by mega tunneling projects like the Thames Tideway Tunnel (UK) and the di Valico tunnel (Italy) using Herrenknecht TBMs.

• North America: The U.S. continues investing in tunnel boring machines for highways, metros, and water management projects, while Canada is advancing in micro-tunneling for sewer and wastewater projects.

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Leading Manufacturers of Tunnel Boring Machines

• Herrenknecht AG

• Hitachi Zosen Corporation

• Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

• Komatsu Ltd.

• TERRATEC Ltd.

• The Robbins Company (Northern Heavy Industries Group)

• Akkerman Inc.

• XCMG Group

• IHI Corporation

• Amberg Engineering

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• How much does a tunnel boring machine cost?

• Do they leave tunnel boring machines underground?

• What is the price of a TBM in India?

• What is the speed of a tunnel boring machine?

• Which companies make tunnel boring machines?

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